{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T00:20:59Z","timestamp":1719879659735},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"AACN Publishing","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Death after resuscitation from cardiac arrest is common. Although associated factors have been identified, knowledge about their relationship with specific modes of death is limited.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To identify clinical factors associated with specific modes of death following cardiac arrest.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study involved a retrospective medical record review of patients admitted to a single health care center from January 2015 to March 2020 after resuscitation from cardiac arrest who died during their index hospitalization. Mode of death was categorized as either brain death, withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies due to neurologic causes, death due to medical causes, or withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies due to patient preference. Clinical characteristics across modes of death were compared.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The analysis included 731 patients. Death due to medical causes was the most common mode of death. Compared with the other groups of patients, those with brain death were younger, had fewer comorbidities, were more likely to have experienced unwitnessed and longer cardiac arrest, and had more severe acidosis and hyperglycemia on presentation. Patients who died owing to medical causes or withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies due to patient preference were older and had more comorbidities, fewer unfavorable cardiac arrest characteristics, and fewer days between cardiac arrest and death.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Significant associations were found between several clinical characteristics and specific mode of death following cardiac arrest. Decision-making regarding withdrawal of care after resuscitation from cardiac arrest should be based on a multimodal approach that takes account of a variety of personal and clinical factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc2024145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T02:02:09Z","timestamp":1719799329000},"page":"290-297","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical Factors Associated With Mode of Death Following Cardiac Arrest"],"prefix":"10.4037","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Blake","family":"Senay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Blake Senay is a neurocritical care fellow, The Ohio State University, Columbus."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elochukwu","family":"Ibekwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Elochukwu Ibekwe is a neurology resident, The Ohio State University, Columbus."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yevgeniya","family":"Gokun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yevgeniya Gokun is a senior biostatistician, Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Elmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jonathan Elmer is an associate professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Critical Care Medicine, and Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Archana","family":"Hinduja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Archana Hinduja is an associate professor, Department of Neurocritical Care, The Ohio State University."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2471","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"2024070102020144600_b1-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e254","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000950","article-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics\u20142021 update: a report from the American Heart Association","volume":"143","author":"Virani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024070102020144600_b2-0330290","first-page":"343","article-title":"Predictors of survival following in-hospital adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation","volume":"167","author":"Brindley","year":"2002","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"2024070102020144600_b3-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"l6373","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l6373","article-title":"Pre-arrest and intra-arrest prognostic factors associated with survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"367","author":"Fernando","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2024070102020144600_b4-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2017.09.014","article-title":"Prognostic significance of spontaneous shockable rhythm conversion in adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with initial non-shockable heart rhythms: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"121","author":"Luo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"issue":"23","key":"2024070102020144600_b5-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2840","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehl335","article-title":"Predicting survival with good neurological recovery at hospital admission after successful resuscitation of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: the OHCA score","volume":"27","author":"Adrie","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"42","key":"2024070102020144600_b6-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3222","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv556","article-title":"The CAHP (Cardiac Arrest Hospital Prognosis) score: a tool for risk stratification after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest","volume":"37","author":"Maupain","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024070102020144600_b7-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-021-00935-w","article-title":"Simultaneous external validation of various cardiac arrest prognostic scores: a single-center retrospective study","volume":"29","author":"Tsuchida","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med"},{"key":"2024070102020144600_b8-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2020.12.011","article-title":"Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review of current risk scores to predict survival","volume":"234","author":"Gue","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2024070102020144600_b9-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2021.07.011","article-title":"Performance of OHCA, NULL-PLEASE and CAHP scores to predict survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to acute coronary syndrome","volume":"166","author":"Pham","year":"2021","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"issue":"11","key":"2024070102020144600_b10-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2020.03.046","article-title":"Usefulness of the NULL-PLEASE score to predict survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest","volume":"133","author":"Gue","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2024070102020144600_b11-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2019.02.031","article-title":"Early withdrawal of life support after resuscitation from cardiac arrest is common and may result in additional deaths","volume":"139","author":"May","year":"2019","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"2024070102020144600_b12-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2016.01.016","article-title":"Association of early withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy for perceived neurological prognosis with mortality after cardiac arrest","volume":"102","author":"Elmer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"2024070102020144600_b13-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2017.03.005","article-title":"Categorization of survival and death after cardiac arrest","volume":"114","author":"Matthews","year":"2017","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"issue":"11","key":"2024070102020144600_b14-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2126","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-004-2425-z","article-title":"Mode of death after admission to an intensive care unit following cardiac arrest","volume":"30","author":"Laver","year":"2004","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024070102020144600_b15-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-022-00734-1","article-title":"Early prediction model of brain death in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients: a single-center retrospective and internal validation analysis","volume":"22","author":"Itagaki","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Emerg Med"},{"key":"2024070102020144600_b16-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2020.05.049","article-title":"Duration and clinical features of cardiac arrest predict early severe cerebral edema","volume":"153","author":"Esdaille","year":"2020","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"2024070102020144600_b17-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2022.10.013","article-title":"Risk factors for development of cerebral edema following cardiac arrest","volume":"181","author":"Hinduja","year":"2022","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"issue":"11","key":"2024070102020144600_b18-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-016-4549-3","article-title":"The rate of brain death and organ donation in patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"42","author":"Sandroni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2024070102020144600_b19-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2019.10.013","article-title":"Organ donation after resuscitation from cardiac arrest","volume":"145","author":"Elmer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"issue":"11","key":"2024070102020144600_b20-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2014.08.030","article-title":"Predictors of early care withdrawal following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest","volume":"85","author":"Albaeni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"2024070102020144600_b21-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2016.10.021","article-title":"Factors associated with post-arrest withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy","volume":"110","author":"Grossestreuer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"2024070102020144600_b22-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2018.10.006","article-title":"Comorbidity and survival in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest","volume":"133","author":"Hirlekar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"2024070102020144600_b23-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2020.10.018","article-title":"Lactate and hypo-tension as predictors of mortality after in-hospital cardiac arrest","volume":"158","author":"Issa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024070102020144600_b24-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80774-4","article-title":"Association between serum lactate level during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and survival in adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a multi-center cohort study","volume":"11","author":"Nishioka","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024070102020144600_b25-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1089\/ther.2015.0037","article-title":"Early prognosticators for induction of therapeutic hypothermia following cardiac arrest","volume":"6","author":"Tasan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024070102020144600_b26-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2013-203541","article-title":"Arterial lactate levels in an emergency department are associated with mortality: a prospective observational cohort study","volume":"32","author":"Datta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024070102020144600_b27-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000332","article-title":"Initial lactate and lactate change in post-cardiac arrest: a multicenter validation study","volume":"42","author":"Donnino","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024070102020144600_b28-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-017-0392-y","article-title":"A novel scoring system for predicting the neurologic prognosis prior to the initiation of induced hypothermia in cases of post-cardiac arrest syndrome: the CAST score","volume":"25","author":"Nishikimi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024070102020144600_b29-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2013.07.006","article-title":"The impact of severe acidemia on neurologic outcome of cardiac arrest survivors undergoing therapeutic hypothermia","volume":"84","author":"Ganga","year":"2013","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024070102020144600_b30-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2018.0123","article-title":"Association of hypercapnia and hypercapnic acidosis with clinical outcomes in mechanically ventilated patients with cerebral injury","volume":"75","author":"Tiruvoipati","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024070102020144600_b31-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1177\/2048872616684685","article-title":"Hyperglycaemia in comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest","volume":"7","author":"Russo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024070102020144600_b32-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-019-00758-9","article-title":"Glycated hemoglobin is associated with glycemic control and 6-month neurologic outcome in cardiac arrest survivors undergoing therapeutic hypothermia","volume":"32","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024070102020144600_b33-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(92)90080-n","article-title":"Hyperglycemia increases cerebral intracellular acidosis during circulatory arrest","volume":"54","author":"Anderson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"33","key":"2024070102020144600_b34-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21728","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000021728","article-title":"Proportion of time spent in blood glucose range 70 to 140 mg\/dL is associated with increased survival in patients admitted to ICU after cardiac arrest: a multicenter observational study","volume":"99","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2024070102020144600_b35-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2021.02.033","article-title":"Recovery among post-arrest patients with mild-to-moderate cerebral edema","volume":"162","author":"Fuller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024070102020144600_b36-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.109.889576","article-title":"Predictors of survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"3","author":"Sasson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"issue":"13","key":"2024070102020144600_b37-0330290","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e018671","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.018671","article-title":"Pulseless electrical activity as the initial cardiac arrest rhythm: importance of preexisting left ventricular function","volume":"10","author":"Ambinder","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Critical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aacnjournals.org\/ajcconline\/article-pdf\/33\/4\/290\/158005\/290.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aacnjournals.org\/ajcconline\/article-pdf\/33\/4\/290\/158005\/290.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T02:02:13Z","timestamp":1719799333000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aacnjournals.org\/ajcconline\/article\/33\/4\/290\/32503\/Clinical-Factors-Associated-With-Mode-of-Death"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4037\/ajcc2024145","relation":{},"ISSN":["1062-3264","1937-710X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1062-3264","type":"print"},{"value":"1937-710X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]}}}