{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T04:39:38Z","timestamp":1767847178441,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"AACN Publishing","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a progressive disease characterized by vascular proliferation and vasoconstriction of the small pulmonary arteries that eventually leads to right-sided heart failure and death. Patients often initially have symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and edema; later in the disease, presyncope and syncope are common. Patients with progressive pulmonary arterial hypertension despite oral therapy and\/or with severe disease typically require treatment with a prostanoid. Inhaled treprostinil (Tyvaso) is a prostacyclin analog indicated for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension to increase walk distance in patients with symptoms classified as New York Heart Association functional class III. Inhaled treprostinil was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in July 2009. This article provides a brief overview of the pathophysiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension and reviews the mechanism of action, key clinical data, and the practical management of inhaled treprostinil in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4037\/ccn2011153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,2]],"date-time":"2011-12-02T14:49:25Z","timestamp":1322837365000},"page":"e1-e10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Inhaled Treprostinil for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension"],"prefix":"10.4037","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Abby","family":"Poms","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Abby Poms is the manager of the Pulmonary Vascular Disease Program at Duke University Medical Center in Durham, North Carolina. She has 20 years of experience working in the field of pulmonary arterial hypertension, including clinical management of patients, research, and education. She has served as advisor to local and national pulmonary hypertension organizations and boards and served on research steering committees."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martha","family":"Kingman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Martha Kingman is a nurse practitioner at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas. She has 12 years of experience working in the field of pulmonary arterial hypertension managing patients in the clinic setting. She is active educating and advising practitioners both locally and nationally and has published in the field."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2471","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2019112612090866800_b1-03100e1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-1140","article-title":"Pulmonary arterial hypertension: baseline characteristics from the REVEAL registry","volume":"137","author":"Badesch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2019112612090866800_b2-03100e1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3109\/9781420094763","volume-title":"Pulmonary Hypertension","author":"Humbert","year":"2009"},{"key":"2019112612090866800_b3-03100e1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.01.004","article-title":"ACCF\/AHA 2009 Expert consensus document on pulmonary hypertension","volume":"53","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2019112612090866800_b4-03100e1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.04.011","article-title":"Diagnosis and assessment of pulmonary hypertension","volume":"54","author":"Badesch","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2019112612090866800_b5-03100e1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1183\/09059180.00003209","article-title":"Screening for PAH in systemic sclerosis","volume":"18","author":"Vachiery","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"2019112612090866800_b6-03100e1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iii25","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep107","article-title":"Pulmonary arterial hypertension: the most devastating vascular complication of systemic sclerosis","volume":"48","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"2019112612090866800_b7-03100e1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.04.012","article-title":"Updated clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension","volume":"54","author":"Simonneau","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2019112612090866800_b8-03100e1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.503540","article-title":"Pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"114","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2019112612090866800_b9-03100e1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-115-5-343","article-title":"Survival in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension: results from a national prospective registry","volume":"115","author":"D\u2019Alonzo","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2019112612090866800_b10-03100e1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.963983","article-title":"Prognosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension: the power of clinical registries of rare diseases","volume":"122","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2019112612090866800_b11-03100e1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/S1078-5884(03)00385-X","article-title":"Prostacyclin: a vascular mediator","volume":"26","author":"Vane","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"2019112612090866800_b12-03100e1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00097107","article-title":"Prostacyclin therapies for the treatment of PAH","volume":"31","author":"Gomberg-Maitland","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2019112612090866800_b13-03100e1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3266","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.25.3266","article-title":"Continuous infusion of epoprostenol improves the net balance between pulmonary endothelin-1 clearance and release in primary pulmonary hypertension","volume":"99","author":"Langleben","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2019112612090866800_b14-03100e1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.01.027","article-title":"Addition of inhaled treprostinil to oral therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"55","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2019112612090866800_b15-03100e1","first-page":"A1041","article-title":"TRIUMPH 1: long-term safety and efficacy of inhaled treprostinil sodium in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension\u20142-year follow-up [abstract]","volume":"179","author":"Benza","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Resp Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2019112612090866800_b16-03100e1","unstructured":"Tyvaso Web site. Tyvaso product information. http:\/\/www.tyvaso.com. July2009. Accessed September 6, 2011."}],"container-title":["Critical Care Nurse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/aacnjournals.org\/ccnonline\/article-pdf\/31\/6\/e1\/112782\/e1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/aacnjournals.org\/ccnonline\/article-pdf\/31\/6\/e1\/112782\/e1.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]],"date-time":"2019-11-26T17:42:50Z","timestamp":1574790170000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aacnjournals.org\/ccnonline\/article\/31\/6\/e1\/20349\/Inhaled-Treprostinil-for-the-Treatment-of"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4037\/ccn2011153","relation":{},"ISSN":["0279-5442","1940-8250"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0279-5442","type":"print"},{"value":"1940-8250","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]]}}}