{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T14:20:33Z","timestamp":1769264433310,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"AACN Publishing","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Operation Allies Refuge started in July 2021 with implications for critical care nurses, both military and civilian, serving at the US Army\u2019s Landstuhl Regional Medical Center in Landstuhl, Germany. Cultural and logistical concerns and complications were at the forefront of care provided to Afghan evacuees during the operation and were exacerbated by a mass casualty event on August 26, 2021, when a suicide bomber attacked the Abbey Gate of Hamid Karzai International Airport in Kabul, Afghanistan. This article discusses the issues that affected care, including language barriers, supply shortages, cultural differences, mass evacuation during a pandemic, and management of the mass casualty event by the critical care team. The information is compiled into a summary of lessons learned to assist in future management of emergency evacuee care within our military and civilian health care systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4037\/ccn2024819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:02:31Z","timestamp":1727740951000},"page":"42-47","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Critical Care Nursing and Mass Casualty Response During Operation Allies Refuge"],"prefix":"10.4037","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Elizabeth A. M.","family":"Bhatta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Elizabeth A. M. Bhatta is the advanced practice registered nurse for the General Surgery and Trauma Service and a critical care nurse practitioner in the intensive care unit, Landstuhl Regional Medical Center, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathaniel J.","family":"DeCarli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MAJ Nathaniel J. DeCarli is assigned to the 759th Forward Resuscitative and Surgical Detachment (Airborne), Fort Liberty, North Carolina, and dually assigned to the Army Military Civilian Trauma Team Training with duty at the University of Chicago Medical Center."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie R.","family":"Duffy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LTC Julie R. Duffy is assigned as the assistant deputy commander for nursing at Bassett Army Community Hospital, Fort Wainwright, Alaska."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brandie","family":"McAdams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brandie McAdams is the executive director of R.M. Pyles Boys Camp, Valencia, California, and an intensive care unit nurse, Aya Health Care at Good Samaritan, Los Angeles, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2471","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2024100100022350300_b1-0440042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1017\/S1049023X21001205","article-title":"Medical experiences from a consular repatriation and evacuation operation from Afghanistan in August 2021: a field report","volume":"37","author":"Hugelius","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prehosp Disaster Med"},{"key":"2024100100022350300_b2-0440042","unstructured":"Lopez\u2008CT\n          . Defense Department will provide options for \u2018Operation Allies Refuge\u2019. DOD News. July\u200814, 2021. Accessed May 1, 2024. https:\/\/www.defense.gov\/News\/News-Stories\/Article\/Article\/2694515\/defense-department-will-provide-options-for-operation-allies-refuge"},{"issue":"11\/12","key":"2024100100022350300_b3-0440042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usac086","article-title":"Review of humanitarian guidelines to ensure the health and well-being of Afghan refugees on U.S. military bases","volume":"187","author":"Lawry","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024100100022350300_b4-0440042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jopan.2021.12.003","article-title":"Operation Allies Refuge and Operation Allies Welcome: military perioperative and perianesthesia nursing support to the Afghan evacuation mission","volume":"37","author":"Stucky","year":"2022","journal-title":"J PeriAnesth Nurs"},{"key":"2024100100022350300_b5-0440042","unstructured":"Landstuhl Regional Medical Center, Landstuhl, Germany. TRICARE. Updated September 25, 2023. Accessed May 1, 2024. https:\/\/landstuhl.tricare.mil\/About-Us"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024100100022350300_b6-0440042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S13","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000004062","article-title":"The last days: the medical response of United States and allied military teams during the Afghanistan exodus","volume":"95","author":"Bozzay","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"2024100100022350300_b7-0440042","unstructured":"Women in Afghanistan: the back story. Amnesty International. Accessed May 1, 2024. https:\/\/www.amnesty.org.uk\/womens-rights-afghanistan-history"},{"key":"2024100100022350300_b8-0440042","unstructured":"Attum\u2008B, Hafiz\u2008S, Malik\u2008A, Shamoon\u2008Z. Cultural competence in the care of Muslim patients and their families. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing; 2023. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK499933"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024100100022350300_b9-0440042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2022056633","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-056633","article-title":"Early management of Afghan evacuees","volume":"150","author":"Goetzman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"23","key":"2024100100022350300_b10-0440042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/zxab398","article-title":"Pharmacy lends a hand in Afghanistan airlift","volume":"78","author":"Traynor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"issue":"1\/2","key":"2024100100022350300_b11-0440042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usac281","article-title":"Humanitarian mission at home: Walter Reed National Military Medical Center\u2019s experience in Operation Allies Refuge and Operation Allies Welcome","volume":"188","author":"Robinson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"2024100100022350300_b12-0440042","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Homeland Security\n          . Operation Allies Welcome. Updated November 27, 2023. Accessed on May 1, 2024. https:\/\/www.dhs.gov\/allieswelcome"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024100100022350300_b13-0440042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e115","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040115","article-title":"Malnutrition and infection: complex mechanisms and global impacts","volume":"4","author":"Schaible","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Med"}],"container-title":["Critical Care Nurse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aacnjournals.org\/ccnonline\/article-pdf\/44\/5\/42\/159050\/42.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aacnjournals.org\/ccnonline\/article-pdf\/44\/5\/42\/159050\/42.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:02:34Z","timestamp":1727740954000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aacnjournals.org\/ccnonline\/article\/44\/5\/42\/32555\/Critical-Care-Nursing-and-Mass-Casualty-Response"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4037\/ccn2024819","relation":{},"ISSN":["0279-5442","1940-8250"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0279-5442","type":"print"},{"value":"1940-8250","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]}}}