{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T22:59:26Z","timestamp":1781650766840,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Norwegian Medical Association","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tidsskr Nor Legeforen","Tidsskriftet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,5]]},"DOI":"10.4045\/tidsskr.12.0624","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,5]],"date-time":"2013-02-05T07:51:54Z","timestamp":1360050714000},"page":"296-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Medikamenter som kan utl\u00f8se og forverre myasthenia gravis"],"prefix":"10.4045","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Elsais","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trine Haug","family":"Popperud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d8yvind","family":"Melien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilia","family":"Kerty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2479","reference":[{"key":"ref=1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lindstrom JM, Seybold ME, Lennon VA et al. Antibody to acetylcholine receptor in myasthenia gravis. Prevalence, clinical correlates, and diagnostic value. Neurology 1976; 26: 1054\u2009\u2013\u20099. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=988512&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.26.11.1054","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.26.11.1054"},{"key":"ref=2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gilhus NE. Myasthenia and the neuromuscular junction. Curr Opin Neurol 2012; 25: 523\u2009\u2013\u20099. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=22892950&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1097\/WCO.0b013e3283572588","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e3283572588"},{"key":"ref=3","unstructured":"Pascuzzi RM. Medications and myasthenia gravis (a reference for health care professionals). www.myasthenia.org\/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=JuFvZPPq2vg%3d. 2002 (25.11.2012)."},{"key":"ref=4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walshe JM. Penicillamine neurotoxicity: an hypothesis. ISRN Neurol 2011; 2011: 464572.","DOI":"10.5402\/2011\/464572"},{"key":"ref=5","unstructured":"Drosos AA, Christou L, Galanopoulou V et al. D-penicillamine induced myasthenia gravis: clinical, serological and genetic findings. Clin Exp Rheumatol 1993; 11: 387\u2009\u2013\u200991. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=8403583&dopt=Abstract"},{"key":"ref=6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fried MJ, Protheroe DT. D-penicillamine induced myasthenia gravis. Its relevance for the anaesthetist. Br J Anaesth 1986; 58: 1191\u2009\u2013\u20093. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3768231&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/58.10.1191","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/58.10.1191"},{"key":"ref=7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tomaszewski M, St\u00e7pien KM, Tomaszewska J et al. Statin-induced myopathies. Pharmacol Rep 2011; 63: 859\u2009\u2013\u200966. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=22001973&dopt=Abstract","DOI":"10.1016\/S1734-1140(11)70601-6"},{"key":"ref=8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elsais A, Lund C, Kerty E. Ptosis, diplopia and statins: an association? Eur J Neurol 2008; 15: e92\u2009\u2013\u20093. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=18727677&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2008.02234.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2008.02234.x"},{"key":"ref=9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oh SJ, Dhall R, Young A et al. Statins may aggravate myasthenia gravis. Muscle Nerve 2008; 38: 1101\u2009\u2013\u20097. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=18720508&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.21074","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21074"},{"key":"ref=10","unstructured":"Pasutharnchat N, Phanthumchinda K. Statin-associated myasthenic weakness. J Med Assoc Thai 2011; 94: 256\u2009\u2013\u20098. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=21534375&dopt=Abstract"},{"key":"ref=11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mueksch JN, Stevens WA. Undiagnosed myasthenia gravis masquerading as eclampsia. Int J Obstet Anesth 2007; 16: 379\u2009\u2013\u200982. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=17693079&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijoa.2007.03.012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2007.03.012"},{"key":"ref=12","unstructured":"Catanzarite VA, McHargue AM, Sandberg EC et al. Respiratory arrest during therapy for premature labor in a patient with myasthenia gravis. Obstet Gynecol 1984; 64: 819\u2009\u2013\u200922. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6504426&dopt=Abstract"},{"key":"ref=13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bashuk RG, Krendel DA. Myasthenia gravis presenting as weakness after magnesium administration. Muscle Nerve 1990; 13: 708\u2009\u2013\u200912. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2385256&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.880130808","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880130808"},{"key":"ref=14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pascuzzi RM. Drugs and toxins associated with myopathies. Curr Opin Rheumatol 1998; 10: 511\u2009\u2013\u200920. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9812211&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1097\/00002281-199811000-00003","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-199811000-00003"},{"key":"ref=15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nastuk WL. Mechanisms of neuromuscular blockade. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1971; 183: 171\u2009\u2013\u200982. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=5287823&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1971.tb30749.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1971.tb30749.x"},{"key":"ref=16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herishanu Y, Rosenberg P. Letter: beta-Blockers and myasthenia gravis. Ann Intern Med 1975; 83: 834\u2009\u2013\u20095. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=939&dopt=Abstract","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-83-6-834"},{"key":"ref=17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Verkijk A. Worsening of myasthenia gravis with timolol maleate eyedrops. Ann Neurol 1985; 17: 211\u2009\u2013\u20092. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3977305&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.410170222","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410170222"},{"key":"ref=18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dale RC, Schroeder ET. Respiratory paralysis during treatment of hypertension with trimethaphan camsylate. Arch Intern Med 1976; 136: 816\u2009\u2013\u20098. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=938175&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1001\/archinte.1976.03630070060018","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1976.03630070060018"},{"key":"ref=19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jenkins RB, Witorsch P, Smyth NP. Aspects of treatment of crisis in myasthenia gravis. South Med J 1970; 63: 1127\u2009\u2013\u200930. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=5485583&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1097\/00007611-197010000-00007","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-197010000-00007"},{"key":"ref=20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bertrand D, Bertrand S, Neveu E et al. Molecular characterization of off-target activities of telithromycin: a potential role for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 54: 5399\u2009\u2013\u2009402. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=20855733&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/AAC.00840-10","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00840-10"},{"key":"ref=21","unstructured":"Bateman DN, Dyson EH. Quinine toxicity. Adverse Drug React Acute Poisoning Rev 1986; 5: 215\u2009\u2013\u200933. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3548270&dopt=Abstract"},{"key":"ref=22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"St\u00fcbgen JP. Interferon alpha and neuromuscular disorders. J Neuroimmunol 2009; 207: 3\u2009\u2013\u200917. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=19171385&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2008.12.008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2008.12.008"},{"key":"ref=23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Critchley M, Herman KJ, Harrison M et al. Value of exchangeable electrolyte measurement in the treatment of myasthenia gravis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1977; 40: 250\u2009\u2013\u20092. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=196049&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.40.3.250","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.40.3.250"},{"key":"ref=24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rasmussen M. Carbamazepine and myasthenia gravis. Neuropediatrics 2004; 35: 259. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15328570&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2004-817956","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-817956"},{"key":"ref=25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sheen VL, Ohaegbulam C, Rencus T et al. Gabapentin-induced exacerbation of myasthenia gravis. Muscle Nerve 2010; 42: 149. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=20583123&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.21708","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21708"},{"key":"ref=26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dillon FX. Anesthesia issues in the perioperative management of myasthenia gravis. Semin Neurol 2004; 24: 83\u2009\u2013\u200994. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15229795&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2004-829587","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-829587"},{"key":"ref=27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haroutiunian S, Lecht S, Zur AA et al. The challenge of pain management in patients with myasthenia gravis. J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother 2009; 23: 242\u2009\u2013\u200960. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=19670021&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1080\/15360280903098523","DOI":"10.1080\/15360280903098523"},{"key":"ref=28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alevizos B, Gatzonis S, Anagnostara Ch. Myasthenia gravis disclosed by lithium carbonate. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2006; 18: 427\u2009\u2013\u20099. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=16963600&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.neuropsych.18.3.427","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.2006.18.3.427"},{"key":"ref=29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bakheit AM, Ward CD, McLellan DL. Generalised botulism-like syndrome after intramuscular injections of botulinum toxin type A: a report of two cases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1997; 62: 198. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9048725&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp.62.2.198","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.62.2.198"},{"key":"ref=30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blichfeldt-Lauridsen L, Hansen BD. Anesthesia and myasthenia gravis. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2012; 56: 17\u2009\u2013\u200922. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=22091897&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2011.02558.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2011.02558.x"},{"key":"ref=31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hirst GD, Wood DR. On the neuromuscular paralysis produced by procaine. Br J Pharmacol 1971; 41: 94\u2009\u2013\u2009104. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4396131&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1971.tb09939.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1971.tb09939.x"},{"key":"ref=32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Katz RL, Gissen AJ. Effects of intravenous and intra-arterial procaine and lidocaine on neuromuscular transmission in man. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand Suppl 1969; 36: 103\u2009\u2013\u200913. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=4315659&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1969.tb00482.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1969.tb00482.x"},{"key":"ref=33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thanvi BR, Lo TC. Update on myasthenia gravis. Postgrad Med J 2004; 80: 690\u2009\u2013\u2009700. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15579606&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1136\/pgmj.2004.018903","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2004.018903"},{"key":"ref=34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zinman L, Thoma J, Kwong JC et al. Safety of influenza vaccination in patients with myasthenia gravis: a population-based study. Muscle Nerve 2009; 40: 947\u2009\u2013\u200951. PubMed: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=19902540&dopt=Abstract, Crossref: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.21440","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21440"}],"container-title":["Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening"],"original-title":[],"language":"no","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T22:44:12Z","timestamp":1781649852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/tidsskriftet.no\/2013\/02\/legemidler-i-praksis\/medikamenter-som-kan-utlose-og-forverre-myasthenia-gravis"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,5]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4045\/tidsskr.12.0624","relation":{},"ISSN":["0029-2001","0807-7096"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0029-2001","type":"print"},{"value":"0807-7096","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,5]]}}}