{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:38:22Z","timestamp":1787841502183,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714435200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021R1G1A1093908"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1G1A1093908"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-trd.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tuberc Respir Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Clinical data for bacterial coinfection of the lower respiratory tract in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) are scarce. This study aims to assess the prevalence of bacterial coinfection and clinical features in NTM-PD patients.Methods: This retrospective study screened 248 patients with NTM-PD who underwent bronchoscopy between July 2020 and July 2022, from whom newly diagnosed NTM-PD patients were analyzed. Bacterial culture using bronchial washing fluid was performed at the time of NTM-PD diagnosis.Results: In the 180 patients (median age 65 years; 68% female), &lt;i&gt;Mycobacterium avium&lt;\/i&gt; complex (86%) was the most frequent NTM isolated. Bacterial coinfections were detected in 80 (44%) patients. Among them, the most common bacterium was &lt;i&gt;Klebsiella pneumoniae&lt;\/i&gt; (n=25\/80, 31.3%), followed by &lt;i&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;\/i&gt; (n=20\/80, 25%) and &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;\/i&gt; (n=20\/80, 25%). Compared with NTM-PD patients without bacterial coinfections, patients with bacterial coinfections showed more frequent extensive lung involvement (33% vs. 1%, p&lt;0.001). Additionally, compared with NTM-PD patients without &lt;i&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;\/i&gt; infection, those with &lt;i&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;\/i&gt; infection were older (74 years vs. 64 years, p=0.001), had more frequent respiratory symptoms (cough\/excessive mucus production 70% vs. 38%, p=0.008; dyspnea 30% vs. 13%, p=0.047), and had extensive lung involvement (60% vs. 9%, p&lt;0.001).Conclusion: Less than half of patients with newly diagnosed NTM-PD had bacterial coinfections, linked to extensive lung involvement. Specifically, &lt;i&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;\/i&gt; coinfection was significantly associated with older age, more frequent respiratory symptoms, and extensive lung involvement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4046\/trd.2024.0003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T07:08:09Z","timestamp":1714460889000},"page":"505-513","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4046\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Exploring the Association of Bacterial Coinfections with Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease"],"prefix":"10.4046","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Seong 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patients with bronchiectasis: a first look at the US Bronchiectasis Research Registry","author":"Aksamit","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00060-2022"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17111913"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2021.1906225"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"1137","volume-title":"Impact of concomitant nontuberculous mycobacteria and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis","author":"Hsieh","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-017-0544-x"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/20734735.000218"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.13596"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00527-20"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200311-1521oc"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-019-03771-0"}],"container-title":["Tuberculosis and Respiratory 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