{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T13:21:36Z","timestamp":1783948896549,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-trd.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tuberc Respir Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Programmed cell death 1\/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1\/PD-L1) inhibitors are effective treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but their use can lead to severe pneumonitis. This study aims to evaluate the utility of Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) for predicting and diagnosing PD-1\/PD-L1 inhibitor-related pneumonitis in NSCLC patients.Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study at a university-affiliated tertiary hospital in Korea from February 2022 to June 2023. Baseline KL-6 levels were measured immediately before initiating PD-1\/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy. In patients who developed pneumonitis, KL-6 levels were monitored every 1\u20132 weeks from the onset of pneumonitis. For patients without pneumonitis, KL-6 levels were measured every 6 weeks. We compared clinical characteristics and serial KL-6 levels between the pneumonitis and non-pneumonitis groups.Results: Eighteen patients were enrolled, with 11 developing pneumonitis. Baseline KL-6 levels did not significantly differ between the two groups (261 U\/mL in the pneumonitis group vs. 373 U\/mL in the non-pneumonitis group, p=0.375). In the pneumonitis group, KL-6 levels generally showed an upward trend, with a median of 412 U\/mL at pneumonitis onset. Conversely, KL-6 levels in the non-pneumonitis group showed no clear overall change.Conclusion: In this pilot study, baseline KL-6 was not clearly linked to PD-1\/PD-L1 inhibitor-related pneumonitis in NSCLC patients. However, increases in KL-6 levels post-baseline were more frequently observed in patients who developed pneumonitis, including cases of all-cause pneumonitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4046\/trd.2025.0133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T06:06:36Z","timestamp":1765519596000},"page":"257-265","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4046\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Serial KL-6 Changes in PD-1\/PD-L1 Inhibitor-Related Pneumonitis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single-Center Prospective Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.4046","volume":"89","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0873-2807","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jae Kyeom","family":"Sim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juwhan","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung 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