{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T03:47:26Z","timestamp":1775879246856,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1316,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Resistance to the parasite Toxoplasma gondii is mediated by NK and T cell production of IFN-\u03b3, but the failure to contract this response can lead to severe T cell\u2013dependent immunopathology. Although the cytokines IL-10 and IL-27 prevent immune hyperactivity during toxoplasmosis, inhibitory receptors, expressed by NK and T cells, are also implicated in this process. The inhibitory receptor TIGIT is expressed on NK and T cells and competes with the costimulatory receptor CD226 for binding of the ligand CD155. During toxoplasmosis, the activation of NK and T cells is associated with increased expression of CD226 and TIGIT, whereas DCs express increased levels of CD155. To determine if the loss of TIGIT impacts NK and T cell activities, wild-type and TIGIT knockout mice were infected with T. gondii. During the acute stage of infection, wild-type and TIGIT knockout mice had comparable parasite burdens and similar NK and T cell responses. Likewise, during the chronic phase of this infection, the loss of TIGIT did not affect the magnitude or phenotype of the T cell response nor the ability to control pathogen load. These data suggest that during toxoplasmosis, despite upregulation of relevant ligands, TIGIT signaling does not limit NK and T cell activities. Thus, TIGIT-independent mechanisms dominate the restraint of the immune response during toxoplasmosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/immunohorizons.2100007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]],"date-time":"2021-06-04T17:10:15Z","timestamp":1622826615000},"page":"384-394","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Limited Impact of the Inhibitory Receptor TIGIT on NK and T Cell Responses during <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i> Infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2224-5159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel L","family":"Aldridge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2935-6070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony T","family":"Phan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rene","family":"de Waal Malefyt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck & Co., Inc. , Kenilworth, NJ"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher A","family":"Hunter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025010703484264200_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16412-X","article-title":"Toxoplasmosis","volume":"363","author":"Montoya","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025010703484264200_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2533","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.153.6.2533","article-title":"Parasite-induced IL-12 stimulates early IFN-gamma synthesis and resistance during acute infection with Toxoplasma gondii","volume":"153","author":"Gazzinelli","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. 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