{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,30]],"date-time":"2025-11-30T13:52:32Z","timestamp":1764510752800,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1316,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Chronic low-grade systemic inflammation in obesity contributes to the development and progression of aspects of metabolic syndrome. In obese male mice, expanded adipose tissue releases proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF, which promotes an increase in immature, proinflammatory, peripheral blood Ly-6Chigh monocytes. The aim of this study was to characterize how TNF alters circulating cellular immunity in female mice with diet-induced obesity. We initially quantified peripheral blood immune cells by flow cytometry in female wild-type C57BL\/6J mice after 3\u201330 wk of allocation to a high-fat (HF) or standard chow diet. We assessed effects of diet and time on neutrophil, monocyte, B cell, NK cell, CD4+ T cell, and CD8+ T cell populations. There was a significant interaction of the effects of diet type and time on the numbers and prevalence of circulating total monocytes and Ly-6Chigh, Ly-6Clow, and Ly-6C\u2212 subsets. Circulating monocytes, in particular Ly-6Chigh monocytes, were increased in HF-fed mice compared with chow-fed mice. Ly-6Chigh monocytes from HF-fed mice also had a more immature phenotype yet were highly responsive to the chemotactic ligand CCL2 and had greater intracellular production of TNF. Comparisons of the effects of HF diet feeding in littermate wild-type (TNF+\/+) and TNF\u2212\/\u2212 female mice showed that genetic ablation of TNF did not protect from higher adiposity or an increase in circulating, immature, proinflammatory Ly-6Chigh monocytes during HF diet\u2013induced obesity. These data emphasize the importance of considering biological sex when determining the mechanisms of TNF action in obesity-induced cellular inflammation and in other chronic inflammatory conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/immunohorizons.2100038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]],"date-time":"2021-06-04T16:40:23Z","timestamp":1622824823000},"page":"370-383","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effects of Obesity-Associated Chronic Inflammation on Peripheral Blood Immunophenotype Are Not Mediated by TNF in Female C57BL\/6J Mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5434-9158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica A","family":"Breznik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin P","family":"Foley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3476-897X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dhanyasri","family":"Maddiboina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1547-5856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan D","family":"Schertzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah M","family":"Sloboda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6823-2957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dawn M E","family":"Bowdish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University , Hamilton, Ontario ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Michael G. 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