{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T12:25:15Z","timestamp":1778588715453,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,1]],"date-time":"2009-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1241136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has been shown to influence immune responses, the effects of low-dose TCDD on the development of autoimmunity are unclear. In this study, using NFS\/sld mice as a model for human Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome, in which the lesions are induced by the thymectomy on day 3 after birth, the autoimmune lesions in the salivary glands, and in later phase, inflammatory cell infiltrations in the other organs were developed by neonatal exposure to nonapoptotic dosage of TCDD without thymectomy on day 3 after birth. We found disruption of thymic selection, but not thymic atrophy, in TCDD-administered mice. The endogenous expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the neonatal thymus was significantly higher than that in the adult thymus, suggesting that the neonatal thymus may be much more sensitive to TCDD compared with the adult thymus. In addition, the production of TH1 cytokines such as IL-2 and IFN-\u03b3 from splenic CD4+ T cells and the autoantibodies relevant for Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome in the sera from TCDD-exposed mice were significantly increased compared with those in control mice. These results suggest that TCDD\/aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling in the neonatal thymus plays an important role in the early thymic differentiation related to autoimmunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0802289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,4]],"date-time":"2009-05-04T16:48:20Z","timestamp":1241455700000},"page":"6576-6586","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Neonatal Exposure to Low-Dose 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-\n                    <i>p<\/i>\n                    -Dioxin Causes Autoimmunity Due to the Disruption of T Cell Tolerance"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"182","author":[{"given":"Naozumi","family":"Ishimaru","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School , Kuramotocho, Tokushima,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atsuya","family":"Takagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cellular and Molecular Toxicology, Biological Safety Research Center, National Institute of Health Sciences , Kamiyoga, Setagayaku, Tokyo,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Kohashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School , Kuramotocho, Tokushima,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akiko","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School , Kuramotocho, Tokushima,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rieko","family":"Arakaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School , Kuramotocho, Tokushima,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Kanno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cellular and Molecular Toxicology, Biological Safety Research Center, National Institute of Health Sciences , Kamiyoga, Setagayaku, Tokyo,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School , Kuramotocho, Tokushima,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012806310917400_R1","first-page":"277","article-title":"Recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of TCDD immunotoxicity.","volume-title":"Int. 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