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Recent studies have indicated that CD8 secondary memory cells, induced by prime-boost approaches, show enhanced protective function compared with primary memory cells and exhibit phenotypic and functional characteristics that distinguish them from primary memory cells. However, little is known about the cytokine requirements for generation and maintenance of boosted memory CD8 T cells. We studied the role of IL-15 in determining the size and composition of the secondary (2\u00b0) memory CD8 T cell pool induced by Listeria monocytogenes infection in mice. Following boosting, IL-15\u2013deficient animals failed to generate a subset of CD8 effector memory cells, including a population of IL-7R\u03b1low cells, which were prominent among secondary memory cells in normal mice. IL-15 deficiency also resulted in changes within the IL-7R\u03b1highCD62Llow subset of 2\u00b0 memory CD8 T cells, which expressed high levels of CD27 but minimal granzyme B. In addition to these qualitative changes, IL-15 deficiency resulted in reduced cell cycle and impaired Bcl-2 expression by 2\u00b0 memory CD8 T cells, suggesting a role for IL-15 in supporting both basal proliferation and survival of the pool. Analogous qualitative differences in memory CD8 T cell populations were observed following a primary response to Sendai virus in IL-15\u2212\/\u2212 animals. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that IL-15 plays an important role in dictating the composition rather than simply the maintenance of the CD8 memory pool.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,30]],"date-time":"2009-11-30T22:38:26Z","timestamp":1259620706000},"page":"35-44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["IL-15 Regulates Both Quantitative and Qualitative Features of the Memory CD8 T Cell Pool"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"184","author":[{"given":"Michelle M","family":"Sandau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology , Minneapolis, MN 55455"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob E","family":"Kohlmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trudeau Institute , Saranac Lake, NY 12983"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David L","family":"Woodland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trudeau Institute , Saranac Lake, NY 12983"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen C","family":"Jameson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology , Minneapolis, MN 55455"},{"name":"Cancer Center, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012805021771600_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2004.08.011","article-title":"CD8 T cell memory.","volume":"16","author":"Rocha","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin. 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