{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T09:39:09Z","timestamp":1779183549713,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,1]],"date-time":"2009-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1233446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Uric acid is released from injured cells and can act as an adjuvant signal to the immune system. Uric acid crystals invoke strong inflammatory responses in tissues. Although their biological effects are evident and the associated signaling mechanisms are becoming clear, it remains unexplained as to why uric acid precipitates rapidly in vivo, in sharp contrast to the minimal crystallization in vitro. We report in this study that a group of IgM Abs is able to bind to these crystals, which is interesting in light that B cell-deficient mice do not sense the proinflammatory adjuvant effect of uric acid. The titers of these Abs increase upon immunization with uric acid crystals. We have produced large quantities of such mAbs. The purified IgM Abs can significantly facilitate uric acid precipitation to form the inflammatory crystals in vitro. Infusion of these Abs into B cell-deficient mice significantly increases the basal level of inflammation in these recipients and restores the host\u2019s ability to sense uric acid\u2019s adjuvanticity. Therefore, we have identified a factor in determining uric acid precipitation and possibly its ability to function as an endogenous adjuvant. This finding suggests a new mechanism of the pathogenesis of gouty arthritis and uric acid-induced immune activation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,9]],"date-time":"2009-02-09T12:02:33Z","timestamp":1234180953000},"page":"1912-1918","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["A Role of IgM Antibodies in Monosodium Urate Crystal Formation and Associated Adjuvanticity"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"182","author":[{"given":"Uliana","family":"Kanevets","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Group and Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary , Calgary, Alberta,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karan","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Group and Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary , Calgary, Alberta,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Dresser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, MA 01655"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Group and Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary , Calgary, Alberta,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012806245110200_R1","volume-title":"Gout, Hyperuricemia, and Other Crystal-Associated Arthropathies","year":"1998"},{"key":"2026012806245110200_R2","first-page":"516","article-title":"Molecular identification of a danger signal that alerts the immune system to dying cells.","volume-title":"Nature","year":"2003"},{"key":"2026012806245110200_R3","first-page":"1472","article-title":"The endogenous danger signal, crystalline uric acid, signals for enhanced antibody immunity.","volume-title":"Blood","year":"2008"},{"key":"2026012806245110200_R4","first-page":"2262","article-title":"MyD88-dependent IL-1 receptor signaling is essential for gouty inflammation stimulated by monosodium urate crystals.","volume-title":"J. 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