{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T12:51:59Z","timestamp":1768827119857,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,1]],"date-time":"2010-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1277942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The factors controlling the progression of an immune response to generation of protective memory are poorly understood. We compared the in situ and ex vivo characteristics of CD8 T cells responding to different forms of the same immunogen. Immunization with live Listeria monocytogenes, irradiated L. monocytogenes (IRL), or heat-killed L. monocytogenes (HKL) induced rapid activation of CD8 T cells. However, only IRL and live L. monocytogenes inoculation induced sustained proliferation and supported memory development. Gene and protein expression analysis revealed that the three forms of immunization led to three distinct transcriptional and translational programs. Prior to cell division, CD8 T cell\u2013dendritic cell clusters formed in the spleen after live L. monocytogenes and IRL but not after HKL immunization. Furthermore, HKL immunization induced rapid remodeling of splenic architecture, including loss of marginal zone macrophages, which resulted in impaired bacterial clearance. These results identify initial characteristics of a protective T cell response that have implications for the development of more effective vaccination strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,8]],"date-time":"2010-06-08T00:20:28Z","timestamp":1275956428000},"page":"239-252","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["T Cell and APC Dynamics In Situ Control the Outcome of Vaccination"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Kamal M","family":"Khanna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Center for Integrated Immunology and Vaccine Research, University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, CT 06030"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Blair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Center for Integrated Immunology and Vaccine Research, University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, CT 06030"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony T","family":"Vella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Center for Integrated Immunology and Vaccine Research, University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, CT 06030"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen J","family":"McSorley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastrointestinal Division, Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Translational Research, University of Minnesota Medical School , Minneapolis, MN 55455"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandip K","family":"Datta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leo","family":"Lefran\u00e7ois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Center for Integrated Immunology and Vaccine Research, University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, CT 06030"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032411363010000_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.175.6.1531","article-title":"CD8+ T cells specific for a single nonamer epitope of Listeria monocytogenes are protective in vivo","volume":"175","author":"Harty","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. 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