{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:27:11Z","timestamp":1787030831137,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,1]],"date-time":"2010-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1275350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells regulate early immune responses to infections, in part because of their rapid release of IFN-\u03b3 and IL-4. iNKT cells are proposed to reduce the severity of Lyme disease following Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Unlike conventional T cells, iNKT cells express an invariant \u03b1\u03b2 TCR that recognizes lipids bound to the MHC class I-like molecule, CD1d. Furthermore, these cells are positively selected following TCR interactions with glycolipid\/CD1d complexes expressed on CD4+CD8+ thymocytes. Whereas conventional T cell development can proceed with as few as 4\/10 CD3 immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs), little is known about the ITAM requirements for iNKT cell selection and expansion. We analyzed iNKT cell development in CD3 \u03b6 transgenic lines with various tyrosine-to-phenylalanine substitutions (YF) that eliminated the functions of the first (YF1,2), third (YF5,6), or all three (YF1\u20136) CD3 \u03b6 ITAMs. iNKT cell numbers were significantly reduced in the thymus, spleen, and liver of all YF mice compared with wild type mice. The reduced numbers of iNKT cells resulted from significant reductions in the expression of the early growth response 2 and promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger transcription factors. In the mice with few to no iNKT cells, there was no difference in the severity of Lyme arthritis compared with wild type controls, following infections with the spirochete B. burgdorferi. These findings indicate that a full complement of functional CD3 \u03b6 ITAMs is required for effective iNKT cell development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0902058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,14]],"date-time":"2010-05-14T22:15:52Z","timestamp":1273875352000},"page":"6822-6832","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Invariant NKT Cell Development Requires a Full Complement of Functional CD3 \u03b6 Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-Based Activation Motifs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"184","author":[{"given":"Amy M","family":"Becker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon S","family":"Blevins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX 75390"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farol L","family":"Tomson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX 75390"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer L","family":"Eitson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer J","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Yarovinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael V","family":"Norgard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX 75390"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolai S C","family":"van Oers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX 75390"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012806284280400_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141711","article-title":"The biology of NKT cells.","volume":"25","author":"Bendelac","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. 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