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Neutrophil depletion markedly enhanced their recruitment. These cells differed from inflammatory monocytes and required MyD88-dependent BCG-specific signals to invade skin, whereas neutrophil influx was MyD88 independent. Upon BCG phagocytosis, CD11b+Ly-6CintLy-6G\u2212 cells produced NO, which required the IL-1 receptor. Despite NO production, they were unable to kill BCG or the nonpathogenic Mycobacterium smegmatis. However, they markedly impaired T cell priming in the draining lymph node. Their elimination by all-trans retinoid acid treatment increased the number of IFN-\u03b3\u2013producing CD4 T cells. Thus, BCG vaccination recruits innate myeloid-derived suppressor cells, akin to mouse tumor-infiltrating cells. These propathogenic cells dampen the early T cell response and might facilitate BCG persistence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0903348","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,18]],"date-time":"2010-01-18T21:40:27Z","timestamp":1263850827000},"page":"2038-2047","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["<i>Mycobacterium bovis<\/i>\n                    Bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin Vaccination Mobilizes Innate Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Restraining In Vivo T Cell Priming via IL-1R\u2013Dependent Nitric Oxide Production"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"184","author":[{"given":"Angelo","family":"Martino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur Unit\u00e9 G\u00e9n\u00e9tique Mycobact\u00e9rienne"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edgar","family":"Badell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur Unit\u00e9 G\u00e9n\u00e9tique Mycobact\u00e9rienne"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Abadie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur Unit\u00e9 G\u00e9n\u00e9tique Mycobact\u00e9rienne"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviane","family":"Balloy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur and Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale, Unit\u00e9 D\u00e9fense Inn\u00e9e et Inflammation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Chignard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur and Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale, Unit\u00e9 D\u00e9fense Inn\u00e9e et Inflammation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel-Yves","family":"Mistou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur Unit\u00e9 Biologie des Bact\u00e9ries Pathog\u00e8nes \u00e0 Gram-positif"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00e9hazine","family":"Combadi\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale, Laboratoire d\u2019Immunologie Cellulaire, Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, AP-HP Groupe Hospitalier Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00e9tri\u00e8re Service d\u2019Immunologie , Paris,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Combadi\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale, Laboratoire d\u2019Immunologie Cellulaire, Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, AP-HP Groupe Hospitalier Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00e9tri\u00e8re Service d\u2019Immunologie , Paris,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur Unit\u00e9 G\u00e9n\u00e9tique Mycobact\u00e9rienne"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012806334774700_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2005.11.008","article-title":"The mononuclear phagocyte system.","volume":"18","author":"Hume","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. 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