{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T08:20:26Z","timestamp":1791188426744,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Overexpression of the T cell cytokine IL-22 is linked to the development of some chronic diseases, but little is known about IL-22 deficiency in humans. As demonstrated in this study, acne inversa (AI; also designated as Hidradenitis suppurativa) lesions show a relative deficiency of IL-22 and IL-20, but not of IL-17A, IL-26, IFN-\u03b3, IL-24, or IL-1\u03b2. Moreover, AI lesions had reduced expression of membranous IL-22 and IL-20 receptors and increased expression of the natural IL-22 inhibitor, IL-22 binding protein. AI is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with prevalence up to 4% of the population and in which cutaneous bacterial persistence represents an important pathogenetic factor. Accordingly, we also found a relative deficiency of antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) in AI lesions and a positive correlation between lesional IL-22 and IL-20 versus AMP levels. IL-22, like its tissue cell downstream mediator IL-20, upregulated AMPs in reconstituted human epidermis and was critical for increased AMP levels under inflammatory conditions. The relative IL-22 deficiency in AI was not linked to lesional T cell numbers or Th22\/Th1\/Th17 subset markers and -inducing cytokines. However, IL-10 was highly expressed in AI lesions and correlated negatively with IL-22 expression. Moreover, IL-10 inhibited IL-22 but not IL-17 production in vitro. The IL-10 overexpression, in turn, was not associated with an elevated presence of regulatory T cells but with the enhanced presence of an IL-10\u2013inducing cytokine. We conclude that IL-22 deficiency may contribute to the pathogenesis of certain chronic disorders as postulated in this paper for AI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0903907","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,8]],"date-time":"2010-12-08T23:03:14Z","timestamp":1291849394000},"page":"1228-1239","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":230,"title":["Deficiency of IL-22 Contributes to a Chronic Inflammatory Disease: Pathogenetic Mechanisms in Acne Inversa"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"186","author":[{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Wolk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Group of Molecular Immunopathology, Dermatology\/Medical Immunology, University Hospital Charit\u00e9 , D-10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Research Center Immunosciences, University Hospital Charit\u00e9 , D-10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Warszawska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Group of Molecular Immunopathology, Dermatology\/Medical Immunology, University Hospital Charit\u00e9 , D-10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conny","family":"Hoeflich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Immunology, University Hospital Charit\u00e9 , D-10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Witte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Group of Molecular Immunopathology, Dermatology\/Medical Immunology, University Hospital Charit\u00e9 , D-10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylke","family":"Schneider-Burrus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Charit\u00e9 , D-10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrin","family":"Witte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Group of Molecular Immunopathology, Dermatology\/Medical Immunology, University Hospital Charit\u00e9 , D-10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Kunz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Group of Molecular Immunopathology, Dermatology\/Medical Immunology, University Hospital Charit\u00e9 , D-10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Buss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Group of Molecular Immunopathology, Dermatology\/Medical Immunology, University Hospital Charit\u00e9 , D-10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans Joachim","family":"Roewert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Charit\u00e9 , D-10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Charit\u00e9 , D-10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ansgar","family":"Lukowsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Charit\u00e9 , D-10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Dieter","family":"Volk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Immunology, University Hospital Charit\u00e9 , D-10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfram","family":"Sterry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Charit\u00e9 , D-10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Sabat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Group of Molecular Immunopathology, Dermatology\/Medical Immunology, University Hospital Charit\u00e9 , D-10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Research Center Immunosciences, University Hospital Charit\u00e9 , D-10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032410591938100_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.11.911","article-title":"Hidradenitis suppurativa: a comprehensive review","volume":"60","author":"Alikhan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. 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