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Unmethylated CpG DNA signals through TLR9 to induce type I IFN (IFN-\u03b1\/\u03b2), which enhances MHC-I Ag cross processing, but lipoproteins that signal through TLR2 do not induce IFN-\u03b1\/\u03b2. In these studies we observed that M. tuberculosis, which expresses agonists of both TLR9 and TLR2, did not induce production of IFN-\u03b1\/\u03b2 or cross processing by murine DCs. Furthermore, M. tuberculosis and TLR2 agonists inhibited induction of IFN-\u03b1\/\u03b2 and DC cross processing by CpG DNA. Exogenous IFN-\u03b1\/\u03b2 effectively enhanced cross processing of M. bovis bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin expressing OVA, bypassing the inhibition of induction of endogenous IFN-\u03b1\/\u03b2. In addition, inhibition of TLR9-induced cross processing of M. bovis bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin expressing OVA could be circumvented by pretreating cells with CpG DNA to induce IFN-\u03b1\/\u03b2 and MHC-I cross processing before inhibitory mycobacterial TLR2 agonists were present. Inhibition of the response to one TLR by another may affect the ultimate response to pathogens like M. tuberculosis that express agonists of multiple TLRs, including TLR2 and TLR9. This mechanism may contribute to immune evasion and explain why IFN-\u03b1\/\u03b2 provides little contribution to host immunity to M. tuberculosis. However, downregulation of certain TLR responses may benefit the host by preventing detrimental excessive inflammation that may occur in the presence of persistent infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0904005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,21]],"date-time":"2010-07-21T20:33:02Z","timestamp":1279744382000},"page":"2405-2415","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i> and TLR2 Agonists Inhibit Induction of Type I IFN and Class I MHC Antigen Cross Processing by TLR9"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Daimon P","family":"Simmons","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University\/University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Cleveland, OH 44106"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David H","family":"Canaday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Case Western Reserve University\/University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Cleveland, OH 44106"},{"name":"Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University\/University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Cleveland, OH 44106"},{"name":"Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Cleveland, OH 44106"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University\/University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Cleveland, OH 44106"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University\/University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Cleveland, OH 44106"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Case Western Reserve University\/University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Cleveland, OH 44106"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University\/University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Cleveland, OH 44106"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University\/University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Cleveland, OH 44106"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W Henry","family":"Boom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Case Western Reserve University\/University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Cleveland, OH 44106"},{"name":"Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University\/University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Cleveland, OH 44106"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clifford V","family":"Harding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University\/University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Cleveland, OH 44106"},{"name":"Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University\/University Hospitals Case Medical Center , Cleveland, OH 44106"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032411480098600_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.193.3.271","article-title":"The relative importance of T cell subsets in immunity and immunopathology of airborne Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice","volume":"193","author":"Mogues","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. 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