{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T09:31:09Z","timestamp":1789810269530,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]],"date-time":"2011-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1306886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Why cross-species transmissions of zoonotic viral infections to humans are frequently associated with severe disease when viruses responsible for many zoonotic diseases appear to cause only benign infections in their reservoir hosts is unclear. Sooty mangabeys (SMs), a reservoir host for SIV, do not develop disease following SIV infection, unlike nonnatural HIV-infected human or SIV-infected rhesus macaque (RM) hosts. SIV infections of SMs are characterized by an absence of chronic immune activation, in association with significantly reduced IFN-\u03b1 production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) following exposure to SIV or other defined TLR7 or TLR9 ligands. In this study, we demonstrate that SM pDCs produce significantly less IFN-\u03b1 following ex vivo exposure to the live attenuated yellow fever virus 17D strain vaccine, a virus that we show is also recognized by TLR7, than do RM or human pDCs. Furthermore, in contrast to RMs, SMs mount limited activation of innate immune responses and adaptive T cell proliferative responses, along with only transient antiviral Ab responses, following infection with yellow fever vaccine 17D strain. However, SMs do raise significant and durable cellular and humoral immune responses comparable to those seen in RMs when infected with modified vaccinia Ankara, a virus whose immunogenicity does not require TLR7\/9 recognition. Hence, differences in the pattern of TLR7 signaling and type I IFN production by pDCs between primate species play an important role in determining their ability to mount and maintain innate and adaptive immune responses to specific viruses, and they may also contribute to determining whether disease follows infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1001191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,23]],"date-time":"2011-04-23T02:16:42Z","timestamp":1303525002000},"page":"6406-6416","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Distinctive TLR7 Signaling, Type I IFN Production, and Attenuated Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses to Yellow Fever Virus in a Primate Reservoir Host"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"186","author":[{"given":"Judith N","family":"Mandl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Population Biology, Ecology, and Evolution, Emory University , Atlanta, GA 30329"},{"name":"Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, GA 30329"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rama","family":"Akondy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, GA 30329"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benton","family":"Lawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, GA 30329"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Kozyr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, GA 30329"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvija I","family":"Staprans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, GA 30329"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, GA 30329"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafi","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, GA 30329"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, GA 30329"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark B","family":"Feinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, GA 30329"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, GA 30329"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, GA 30329"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032411283973800_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06536","article-title":"Global trends in emerging infectious diseases","volume":"451","author":"Jones","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025032411283973800_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S110","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1142","article-title":"Exotic emerging viral diseases: progress and challenges","volume":"10","author":"Geisbert","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. 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