{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T03:01:17Z","timestamp":1791169277518,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The ability of activated B cells to protect against various experimental autoimmune or allergic diseases makes them attractive for use in cell-based therapies. We describe an efficient way to generate B cells with strong suppressive functions by incubating naive B cells with a relevant Ag conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit (CTB). This allows most B cells, irrespective of BCR, to take up and present Ag and induces their expression of latency-associated polypeptide (LAP)\/TGF-\u03b2 and after adoptive transfer also their production of IL-10. With OVA as model Ag, when naive T cells were cocultured in vitro with B cells pretreated with OVA conjugated to CTB (OVA\/CTB) Ag-specific CD4+ Foxp3 regulatory T (Treg) cells increased &amp;gt;50-fold. These cells effectively suppressed CD25\u2212CD4+ effector T (Teff) cells in secondary cultures. Adoptive transfer of OVA\/CTB-treated B cells to mice subsequently immunized with OVA in CFA induced increase in Foxp3 Treg cells together with suppression and depletion of Teff cells. Likewise, adoptive transfer of B cells pulsed with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide35\u201355 (MOGp) conjugated to CTB increased the number of Treg cells, suppressed MOGp-specific T cell proliferation and IL-17 and IFN-\u03b3 production, and prevented the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Similar effects were seen when B cells were given \u201ctherapeutically\u201d to mice with early-stage experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Our results suggest that B cells pulsed in vitro with relevant Ag\/CTB conjugates may be used in cell therapy to induce Ag-specific suppression of autoimmune disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101771","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,17]],"date-time":"2012-01-17T04:56:36Z","timestamp":1326776196000},"page":"1686-1697","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["B Lymphocytes Treated In Vitro with Antigen Coupled to Cholera Toxin B Subunit Induce Antigen-Specific Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells and Protect against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"188","author":[{"given":"Jia-Bin","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg , SE-405 30, G\u00f6teborg ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecil","family":"Czerkinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Vaccine Institute , Seoul ,","place":["South Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Holmgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Gothenburg Vaccine Research Institute, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg , SE-405 30, G\u00f6teborg ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032409513756100_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2729","article-title":"Effector and regulatory B cells: modulators of CD4+ T cell immunity","volume":"10","author":"Lund","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. 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