{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T12:21:00Z","timestamp":1791116460003,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]],"date-time":"2011-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1320105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>In response to infection, CD8+ T cells integrate multiple signals and undergo an exponential increase in cell numbers. Simultaneously, a dynamic differentiation process occurs, resulting in the formation of short-lived effector cells (SLECs; CD127lowKLRG1high) and memory precursor effector cells (CD127highKLRG1low) from an early effector cell that is CD127lowKLRG1low in phenotype. CD8+ T cell differentiation during vesicular stomatitis virus infection differed significantly than during Listeria monocytogenes infection with a substantial reduction in early effector cell differentiation into SLECs. SLEC generation was dependent on Ebi3 expression. Furthermore, SLEC differentiation during vesicular stomatitis virus infection was enhanced by administration of CpG-DNA, through an IL-12\u2013dependent mechanism. Moreover, CpG-DNA treatment enhanced effector CD8+ T cell functionality and memory subset distribution, but in an IL-12\u2013independent manner. Population dynamics were dramatically different during secondary CD8+ T cell responses, with a much greater accumulation of SLECs and the appearance of a significant number of CD127highKLRG1high memory cells, both of which were intrinsic to the memory CD8+ T cell. These subsets persisted for several months but were less effective in recall than memory precursor effector cells. Thus, our data shed light on how varying the context of T cell priming alters downstream effector and memory CD8+ T cell differentiation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1102335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,11]],"date-time":"2011-10-11T05:31:23Z","timestamp":1318311083000},"page":"4967-4978","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":149,"title":["Pathogen-Induced Inflammatory Environment Controls Effector and Memory CD8+ T Cell Differentiation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"187","author":[{"given":"Joshua J","family":"Obar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Integrated Immunology and Vaccine Research, Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, CT 06030"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT 59718"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evan R","family":"Jellison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Integrated Immunology and Vaccine Research, Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, CT 06030"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian S","family":"Sheridan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Integrated Immunology and Vaccine Research, Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, CT 06030"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Blair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Integrated Immunology and Vaccine Research, Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, CT 06030"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quynh-Mai","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Integrated Immunology and Vaccine Research, Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, CT 06030"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julianne M","family":"Zickovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT 59718"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leo","family":"Lefran\u00e7ois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Integrated Immunology and Vaccine Research, Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center , Farmington, CT 06030"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032410471425200_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1038\/80868","article-title":"Interleukin-7 mediates the homeostasis of na\u00efve and memory CD8 T cells in vivo","volume":"1","author":"Schluns","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1009","article-title":"Selective expression of the interleukin 7 receptor identifies effector CD8 T cells that give rise to long-lived memory cells","volume":"4","author":"Kaech","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.07.010","article-title":"Inflammation directs memory precursor and short-lived effector CD8+ T cell fates via the graded expression of T-bet transcription factor","volume":"27","author":"Joshi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20071641","article-title":"Functional and genomic profiling of effector CD8 T cell subsets with distinct memory fates","volume":"205","author":"Sarkar","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.10.012","article-title":"A single naive CD8+ T cell precursor can develop into diverse effector and memory subsets","volume":"27","author":"Stemberger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091175","article-title":"One naive T cell, multiple fates in CD8+ T cell differentiation","volume":"207","author":"Gerlach","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5876","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.12.5876","article-title":"Differential regulation of killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 expression on T cells","volume":"170","author":"Robbins","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.01.088","article-title":"Effects of Signal 3 during CD8 T cell priming: bystander production of IL-12 enhances effector T cell expansion but promotes terminal differentiation","volume":"27","author":"Cui","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0909945107","article-title":"CD4+ T cell regulation of CD25 expression controls development of short-lived effector CD8+ T cells in primary and secondary responses","volume":"107","author":"Obar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.11.010","article-title":"Prolonged interleukin-2R\u03b1 expression on virus-specific CD8+ T cells favors terminal-effector differentiation in vivo","volume":"32","author":"Kalia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.11.012","article-title":"Interleukin-2 and inflammation induce distinct transcriptional programs that promote the differentiation of effector cytolytic T cells","volume":"32","author":"Pipkin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6719","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0904089","article-title":"Distinct roles for IL-2 and IL-15 in the differentiation and survival of CD8+ effector and memory T cells","volume":"184","author":"Mitchell","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5188","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1001990","article-title":"Th cells act via two synergistic pathways to promote antiviral CD8+ T cell responses","volume":"185","author":"Wiesel","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15948","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015948","article-title":"CD4+ T cells modulate expansion and survival but not functional properties of effector and memory CD8+ T cells induced by malaria sporozoites","volume":"6","author":"Overstreet","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7515","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.11.7515","article-title":"Cutting edge: IL-12 inversely regulates T-bet and eomesodermin expression during pathogen-induced CD8+ T cell differentiation","volume":"177","author":"Takemoto","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1089\/10799900360708632","article-title":"IL-27 and IFN-\u03b1 signal via Stat1 and Stat3 and induce T-Bet and IL-12R\u03b22 in naive T cells","volume":"23","author":"Hibbert","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Interferon Cytokine Res."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08097","article-title":"Enhancing CD8 T-cell memory by modulating fatty acid metabolism","volume":"460","author":"Pearce","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08155","article-title":"mTOR regulates memory CD8 T-cell differentiation","volume":"460","author":"Araki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.10.010","article-title":"The mTOR kinase determines effector versus memory CD8+ T cell fate by regulating the expression of transcription factors T-bet and eomesodermin","volume":"32","author":"Rao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.09.002","article-title":"The mammalian target of rapamycin: linking T cell differentiation, function, and metabolism","volume":"33","author":"Powell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2003.11.009","article-title":"Jump-starting the immune system: prime-boosting comes of age","volume":"25","author":"Woodland","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2008.02054.x","article-title":"Developing an HIV cytotoxic T-lymphocyte vaccine: issues of CD8 T-cell quantity, quality and location","volume":"265","author":"Masopust","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.10.008","article-title":"From vaccines to memory and back","volume":"33","author":"Sallusto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2011.01594.x","article-title":"Immunologic considerations for generating memory CD8 T cells through vaccination","volume":"13","author":"Butler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell. Microbiol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20052237","article-title":"Secondary memory CD8+ T cells are more protective but slower to acquire a central-memory phenotype","volume":"203","author":"Jabbari","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.2.831","article-title":"Stimulation history dictates memory CD8 T cell phenotype: implications for prime-boost vaccination","volume":"177","author":"Masopust","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.06.014","article-title":"Repetitive antigen stimulation induces stepwise transcriptome diversification but preserves a core signature of memory CD8+ T cell differentiation","volume":"33","author":"Wirth","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10814","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.18.10814","article-title":"Generation of mucosal cytotoxic T cells against soluble protein by tissue-specific environmental and costimulatory signals","volume":"95","author":"Kim","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3402","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.5.3402","article-title":"Organ-specific regulation of the CD8 T cell response to Listeria monocytogenes infection","volume":"166","author":"Pope","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5284.94","article-title":"Phenotypic analysis of antigen-specific T lymphocytes","volume":"274","author":"Altman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2413","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1058867","article-title":"Preferential localization of effector memory cells in nonlymphoid tissue","volume":"291","author":"Masopust","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2008.04.010","article-title":"Endogenous naive CD8+ T cell precursor frequency regulates primary and memory responses to infection","volume":"28","author":"Obar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.07.007","article-title":"Naive CD4+ T cell frequency varies for different epitopes and predicts repertoire diversity and response magnitude","volume":"27","author":"Moon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2006.00382.x","article-title":"Signals required for programming effector and memory development by CD8+ T cells","volume":"211","author":"Mescher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6704","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.10.6704","article-title":"Strength of stimulus and clonal competition impact the rate of memory CD8 T cell differentiation","volume":"179","author":"Sarkar","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5165","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.10.5165","article-title":"CD8 T cell clonal expansion and development of effector function require prolonged exposure to antigen, costimulation, and signal 3 cytokine","volume":"171","author":"Curtsinger","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4465","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.8.4465","article-title":"Type I IFNs provide a third signal to CD8 T cells to stimulate clonal expansion and differentiation","volume":"174","author":"Curtsinger","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050821","article-title":"Type I interferons act directly on CD8 T cells to allow clonal expansion and memory formation in response to viral infection","volume":"202","author":"Kolumam","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.3.1746","article-title":"Innate inflammatory signals induced by various pathogens differentially dictate the IFN-I dependence of CD8 T cells for clonal expansion and memory formation","volume":"177","author":"Thompson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4525","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.8.4525","article-title":"CD8 T cells specific for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus require type I IFN receptor for clonal expansion","volume":"176","author":"Aichele","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200839093","article-title":"Effector T-cell differentiation during viral and bacterial infections: role of direct IL-12 signals for cell fate decision of CD8+ T cells","volume":"39","author":"Keppler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023381027062","article-title":"Cytokines and transcription factors that regulate T helper cell differentiation: new players and new insights","volume":"23","author":"Agnello","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-06-0505","article-title":"Interleukin-18 directly activates T-bet expression and function via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-\u03baB in acute myeloid leukemia-derived predendritic KG-1 cells","volume":"6","author":"Bachmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4886","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.10.4886","article-title":"Cutting edge: role of IL-27\/WSX-1 signaling for induction of T-bet through activation of STAT1 during initial Th1 commitment","volume":"170","author":"Takeda","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15137","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.261570598","article-title":"T-bet is rapidly induced by interferon-\u03b3 in lymphoid and myeloid cells","volume":"98","author":"Lighvani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1038\/ni794","article-title":"T-bet is a STAT1-induced regulator of IL-12R expression in naive CD4+ T cells","volume":"3","author":"Afkarian","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2274","article-title":"T-cell quality in memory and protection: implications for vaccine design","volume":"8","author":"Seder","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4498","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.7.4498","article-title":"IL-12 and type-I IFN synergize for IFN-\u03b3 production by CD4 T cells, whereas neither are required for IFN-\u03b3 production by CD8 T cells after Listeria monocytogenes infection","volume":"178","author":"Way","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.186.9.1407","article-title":"Phenotypic and functional separation of memory and effector human CD8+ T cells","volume":"186","author":"Hamann","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1038\/44385","article-title":"Two subsets of memory T lymphocytes with distinct homing potentials and effector functions","volume":"401","author":"Sallusto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1000492","article-title":"Early signals during CD8+ T cell priming regulate the generation of central memory cells","volume":"185","author":"Obar","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1126\/science.283.5408.1745","article-title":"Linear differentiation of cytotoxic effectors into memory T lymphocytes","volume":"283","author":"Opferman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1038\/21208","article-title":"Modelling T-cell memory by genetic marking of memory T cells in vivo","volume":"399","author":"Jacob","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1166831","article-title":"Secondary replicative function of CD8+ T cells that had developed an effector phenotype","volume":"323","author":"Bannard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1126\/science.272.5258.54","article-title":"Immunological memory and protective immunity: understanding their relation","volume":"272","author":"Ahmed","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.08.007","article-title":"Heterogeneity and cell-fate decisions in effector and memory CD8+ T cell differentiation during viral infection","volume":"27","author":"Kaech","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/ni0409-369","article-title":"The road not taken: memory T cell fate \u201cdecisions\u201d","volume":"10","author":"Lefran\u00e7ois","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7914","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1104588108","article-title":"Vaccine adjuvants aluminum and monophosphoryl lipid A provide distinct signals to generate protective cytotoxic memory CD8 T cells","volume":"108","author":"MacLeod","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02167-06","article-title":"Persistent antigen presentation after acute vesicular stomatitis virus infection","volume":"81","author":"Turner","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.2.883","article-title":"Bcl6 acts as an amplifier for the generation and proliferative capacity of central memory CD8+ T cells","volume":"173","author":"Ichii","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1268","article-title":"Effector and memory CD8+ T cell fate coupled by T-bet and eomesodermin","volume":"6","author":"Intlekofer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.05.014","article-title":"Transcriptional repressor Blimp-1 promotes CD8+ T cell terminal differentiation and represses the acquisition of central memory T cell properties","volume":"31","author":"Rutishauser","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20102144","article-title":"The lineage-defining factors T-bet and Bcl-6 collaborate to regulate Th1 gene expression patterns","volume":"208","author":"Oestreich","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9777","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0914127107","article-title":"Essential role of the Wnt pathway effector Tcf-1 for the establishment of functional CD8 T cell memory","volume":"107","author":"Jeannet","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.08.002","article-title":"Differentiation and persistence of memory CD8+ T cells depend on T cell factor 1","volume":"33","author":"Zhou","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5935","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.9.5935","article-title":"IL-12 signaling drives CD8+ T cell IFN-\u03b3 production and differentiation of KLRG1+ effector subpopulations during Toxoplasma gondii infection","volume":"180","author":"Wilson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2011.00004","article-title":"Differential role of \u201csignal 3\u201d inflammatory cytokines in regulating CD8 T cell expansion and differentiation in vivo","volume":"2","author":"Pham","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Immun."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(02)00324-2","article-title":"IL-27, a heterodimeric cytokine composed of EBI3 and p28 protein, induces proliferation of naive CD4+ T cells","volume":"16","author":"Pflanz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1098","article-title":"CD8+ T cell contraction is controlled by early inflammation","volume":"5","author":"Badovinac","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1257","article-title":"Accelerated CD8+ T-cell memory and prime-boost response after dendritic-cell vaccination","volume":"11","author":"Badovinac","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.21.120601.140942","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms regulating Th1 immune responses","volume":"21","author":"Szabo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041463","article-title":"Interferon-\u03b3 acts directly on CD8+ T cells to increase their abundance during virus infection","volume":"201","author":"Whitmire","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.04.020","article-title":"Opposing effects of TGF-\u03b2 and IL-15 cytokines control the number of short-lived effector CD8+ T cells","volume":"31","author":"Sanjabi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1348","article-title":"Interleukin 15-dependent crosstalk between conventional and plasmacytoid dendritic cells is essential for CpG-induced immune activation","volume":"7","author":"Kuwajima","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.3.1564","article-title":"Combined TLR\/CD40 stimulation mediates potent cellular immunity by regulating dendritic cell expression of CD70 in vivo","volume":"178","author":"Sanchez","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7969","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.11.7969","article-title":"OX40 drives protective vaccinia virus-specific CD8 T cells","volume":"181","author":"Salek-Ardakani","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.10.004","article-title":"Immunologic basis of vaccine vectors","volume":"33","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201040730","article-title":"Secondary CD8+ T-cell responses are controlled by systemic inflammation","volume":"41","author":"Wirth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.05.006","article-title":"Genome-wide analysis of histone methylation reveals chromatin state-based regulation of gene transcription and function of memory CD8+ T cells","volume":"30","author":"Araki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E118","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1101881108","article-title":"Expression of chemokine receptor CXCR3 on T cells affects the balance between effector and memory CD8 T-cell generation","volume":"108","author":"Hu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2404","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002404","article-title":"An IFN-\u03b3-IL-18 signaling loop accelerates memory CD8+ T cell proliferation","volume":"3","author":"Iwai","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13414","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0706040104","article-title":"Loss of T cell receptor-induced Bmi-1 in the KLRG1+ senescent CD8+ T lymphocyte","volume":"104","author":"Heffner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2025032410471425200_r83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6619","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-01-199588","article-title":"KLRG1 signaling induces defective Akt (ser473) phosphorylation and proliferative dysfunction of highly differentiated CD8+ T cells","volume":"113","author":"Henson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jimmunol\/article-pdf\/187\/10\/4967\/61606149\/1102335.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jimmunol\/article-pdf\/187\/10\/4967\/61606149\/1102335.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T06:15:08Z","timestamp":1743142508000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jimmunol\/article\/187\/10\/4967\/7977297"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1102335","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1767","1550-6606"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1767","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-6606","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]}}}