{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T17:41:54Z","timestamp":1775151714579,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]],"date-time":"2012-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The phenotype of B cells responsible for the production of anti-pneumococcal polysaccharide Ab has been unclear. Although individuals that respond poorly to the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPS) vaccine, Pneumovax, such as children &amp;lt;2 y, the asplenic, and a subset of common variable immunodeficiency patients, are profoundly deficient or lack IgM memory cells (CD27+IgM+), they are also deficient in the switched memory (CD27+IgM\u2212) compartment. Direct characterization of PPS-specific B cells has not been performed. In this study, we labeled PPS14 and PPS23F with fluorescent markers. Fluorescently labeled PPS were used in FACSAria flow cytometry to characterize the phenotype of PPS-specific B cells obtained from 18 young adults pre- and postimmunization with Pneumovax. The labeled PPS were capable of inhibiting binding of Ab to the native PPS. Similarly, the native PPS were able to inhibit binding of PPS-specific B cells in a flow cytometric assay demonstrating specificity and functionality. Phenotypic analysis of unselected B cells, pre- and postimmunization, demonstrated a predominance of naive CD27\u2212IgM+ cells accounting for 61.5% of B cells. Likewise, the PPS-specific B cells obtained preimmunization consisted primarily of naive, CD27\u2212 B cells, 55.4\u201363.8%. In contrast, the PPS-specific B cells obtained postimmunization were predominantly IgM memory cells displaying the CD27+IgM+, 54.2% for PPS14 and 66% for PPS23F, significantly higher than both unselected B cells and PPS-specific B cells. There was no significant difference in switched memory B cell populations (CD27+IgM\u2212) between groups. These results suggest a dominant role of IgM memory cells in the immune response to pneumococcal polysaccharides.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1102809","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,24]],"date-time":"2012-01-24T07:26:51Z","timestamp":1327390011000},"page":"2455-2463","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Phenotypic Analysis of Pneumococcal Polysaccharide-Specific B Cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"188","author":[{"given":"Noor","family":"Khaskhely","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toledo , Toledo, OH 43614"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Mosakowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toledo , Toledo, OH 43614"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca S","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toledo , Toledo, OH 43614"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sadik","family":"Khuder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toledo , Toledo, OH 43614"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S Louise","family":"Smithson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toledo , Toledo, OH 43614"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M A Julie","family":"Westerink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toledo , Toledo, OH 43614"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo , Toledo, OH 43614"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Toledo , Toledo, OH 43614"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032409544703300_r1","first-page":"258","article-title":"Licensure of a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and recommendations for use among children: Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2010","volume":"59","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2010","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. 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Med."},{"key":"2025032409544703300_r5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3647","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-01-0346","article-title":"Human blood IgM \u201cmemory\u201d B cells are circulating splenic marginal zone B cells harboring a prediversified immunoglobulin repertoire","volume":"104","author":"Weller","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2025032409544703300_r6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3262","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.5.3262","article-title":"Regulation of aged humoral immune defense against pneumococcal bacteria by IgM memory B cell","volume":"175","author":"Shi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032409544703300_r7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20022020","article-title":"Human immunoglobulin M memory B cells controlling Streptococcus pneumoniae infections are generated in the spleen","volume":"197","author":"Kruetzmann","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Exp. 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Immunol."},{"key":"2025032409544703300_r12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2002.01953.x","article-title":"The dual function of the splenic marginal zone: essential for initiation of anti-TI-2 responses but also vital in the general first-line defense against blood-borne antigens","volume":"130","author":"Zandvoort","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"2025032409544703300_r13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8212","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.12.8212","article-title":"Loss of discrete memory B cell subsets is associated with impaired immunization responses in HIV-1 infection and may be a risk factor for invasive pneumococcal disease","volume":"178","author":"Hart","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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