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The contribution of the latter three molecules in AP regulation in encapsulated meningococci was studied using isogenic mutants. When LOS was unsialylated, deleting NspA alone from group A strain A2594 (low fHbp\/high NspA) significantly increased AP-mediated C3 deposition. C3 deposition further increased \u223c2-fold in a \u0394fHbp\u0394NspA double mutant, indicating cooperative fHbp function. LOS sialylation of A2594 \u0394fHbp\u0394NspA decreased the rate of C3 deposition, revealing AP inhibition by LOS sialic acid. Maximal C3 deposition on group B strain H44\/76 (high fHbp\/low NspA) occurred when all three molecules were absent; again, LOS sialylation attenuated the AP in the absence of both fHbp and NspA. When H44\/76 LOS was unsialylated, both fHbp and NspA independently inhibited the AP. LOS sialylation enhanced binding of fH C-terminal domains 18\u201320 to C3 fragments deposited on bacteria. Interaction of meningococci with nonhuman complement is relevant for animal models and vaccine evaluation studies that use nonhuman complement. Consistent with their human-specific fH binding, neither fHbp nor NspA regulated the rat AP. However, LOS sialylation inhibited the rat AP and, as with human serum, enhanced binding of rat fH to surface-bound C3. These data highlight the cooperative roles of meningococcal NspA and fHbp in regulating the human AP and broaden the molecular basis for LOS sialylation in AP regulation on meningococci in more than one animal species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1103748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,14]],"date-time":"2012-04-14T05:00:21Z","timestamp":1334379621000},"page":"5063-5072","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["The Relative Roles of Factor H Binding Protein, Neisserial Surface Protein A, and Lipooligosaccharide Sialylation in Regulation of the Alternative Pathway of Complement on Meningococci"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"188","author":[{"given":"Lisa A","family":"Lewis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, MA 01605"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, MA 01605"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Ram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, MA 01605"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032410082203100_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02918259","article-title":"Complement deficiency states and meningococcal disease","volume":"12","author":"Figueroa","year":"1993","journal-title":"Immunol. 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