{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:04:18Z","timestamp":1790114658924,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]],"date-time":"2012-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The influence of whole-body gamma-irradiation on the antibacterial host defense against Enterococcus faecalis translocation was investigated. Mice irradiated with or without 5 Gy [137Cs] gamma-rays were orally infected with 106 CFU\/mouse E. faecalis. The pathogen was detected in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) of irradiated mice 1\u20134 d postinfection, whereas E. faecalis was not isolated from MLNs of normal mice. All irradiated mice died within 5 d of infection, whereas no mortality was shown in normal mice infected with the pathogen. Irradiated mice inoculated with normal mouse MLN macrophages (M\u03d5) were shown to be resistant against the infection, although the same mice inoculated with irradiated mouse MLNM\u03d5 (I-MLNM\u03d5) died postinfection. I-MLNM\u03d5 were identified as IL-10+IL-12\u2212CCL1+LIGHT+ M\u03d5 (M2bM\u03d5) and were shown to be inhibitory on M\u03d5 conversion from resident M\u03d5 to IL-10\u2212IL-12+M\u03d5 (M1M\u03d5). M2bM\u03d5 were demonstrated in MLNs of mice 10\u201335 d after gamma-irradiation. M1M\u03d5 were not induced by E. faecalis Ag in cultures of I-MLNM\u03d5, whereas normal mouse MLNM\u03d5 were converted to M1M\u03d5 in response to the Ag stimulation. After treatment with CCL1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides, M2bM\u03d5 disappeared in MLNs of irradiated mice, and M1M\u03d5 were generated in MLNs of these mice following E. faecalis stimulation. These results indicate that M2bM\u03d5 presented in the I-MLNM\u03d5 populations were responsible for the impaired resistance of mice irradiated with gamma-rays to bacterial translocation and subsequent sepsis. E. faecalis translocation and subsequent sepsis may be controlled immunologically by the intervention of M2bM\u03d5 present in MLNs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1200350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,5]],"date-time":"2012-06-05T09:55:23Z","timestamp":1338890123000},"page":"296-303","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Role of M2b Macrophages in the Acceleration of Bacterial Translocation and Subsequent Sepsis in Mice Exposed to Whole Body [137Cs] Gamma-Irradiation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"189","author":[{"given":"Makiko","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, TX 77555"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiwamu","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, TX 77555"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Cornforth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, TX 77555"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fujio","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, TX 77555"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032409155317900_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-140-12-200406150-00015","article-title":"Medical management of the acute radiation syndrome: recommendations of the Strategic National Stockpile Radiation Working Group","volume":"140","author":"Waselenko","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. 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