{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T02:53:03Z","timestamp":1792464783919,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]],"date-time":"2012-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Acute inflammation in response to both exogenous and endogenous danger signals can lead to the assembly of cytoplasmic inflammasomes that stimulate the activation of caspase-1. Subsequently, caspase-1 facilitates the maturation and release of cytokines and also, under some circumstances, the induction of cell death by pyroptosis. Using a mouse line lacking expression of NLRP1, we show that assembly of this inflammasome in cells is triggered by a toxin from anthrax and that it initiates caspase-1 activation and release of IL-1\u03b2. Furthermore, NLRP1 inflammasome activation also leads to cell death, which escalates over 3 d following exposure to the toxin and culminates in acute lung injury and death of the mice. We show that these events are not dependent on production of IL-1\u03b2 by the inflammasome but are dependent on caspase-1 expression. In contrast, muramyl dipeptide-mediated inflammasome formation is not dependent on NLRP1 but NLRP3. Taken together, our findings show that assembly of the NLRP1 inflammasome is sufficient to initiate pyroptosis, which subsequently leads to a self-amplifying cascade of cell injury within the lung from which the lung cannot recover, eventually resulting in catastrophic consequences for the organism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1201065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]],"date-time":"2012-07-01T00:25:16Z","timestamp":1341102316000},"page":"2006-2016","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":248,"title":["NLRP1-Dependent Pyroptosis Leads to Acute Lung Injury and Morbidity in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"189","author":[{"given":"Martina","family":"Kovarova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Division, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela R","family":"Hesker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"},{"name":"Curriculum of Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leigh","family":"Jania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MyTrang","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John N","family":"Snouwaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhidan","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen E","family":"Lommatzsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Max T","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny P-Y","family":"Ting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"},{"name":"Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beverly H","family":"Koller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Division, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"},{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032409222109600_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9230","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M009853200","article-title":"Molecular cloning and characterization of DEFCAP-L and -S, two isoforms of a novel member of the mammalian Ced-4 family of apoptosis proteins","volume":"276","author":"Hlaing","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. 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