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Mice were i.v. infected with a recombinant adenovirus, and within the first 24 h of infection, we found a transient but significant accumulation of IL-17 and IL-23 in the liver. In vivo neutralization of these interleukins alleviated the liver injury. Further investigations showed that IL-17 neutralization halted the intrahepatic accumulation of CTLs and Th1 cells. A majority of the IL-17\u2013producing cells in the liver were \u03b3\u03b4 T cells. Additionally, intrahepatic IL-17+ \u03b3\u03b4 T cells, but not the IFN-\u03b3+ ones, preferentially expressed IL-7R\u03b1 (CD127) on their surface, which coincided with an elevation of hepatocyte-derived IL-7 at 12 h postinfection. IL-7R\u03b1 blockade in vivo severely impeded the expansion of IL-17\u2013producing cells after viral infection. In vitro, IL-7 synergized with IL-23 and directly stimulated IL-17 production from \u03b3\u03b4 T cells in response to TCR\u03b3\u03b4 stimulation. Finally, type I IFN (IFN-I) signaling was found to be critical for hepatic IL-7 induction. Collectively, these results showed that the IFN-I\/IL-7\/IL-17 cascade was important in priming T cell responses in the liver. Moreover, the highly coordinated cross talk among hepatocytes and innate and adaptive immune cells played a critical role in anti-viral immunity in hepatitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1201970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,12]],"date-time":"2012-12-12T02:43:07Z","timestamp":1355280187000},"page":"621-629","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Early IL-17 Production by Intrahepatic T Cells Is Important for Adaptive Immune Responses in Viral Hepatitis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"190","author":[{"given":"Lifei","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, TX 77555"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuliang","family":"Jie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, TX 77555"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayura","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, TX 77555"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuejin","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, TX 77555"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynn","family":"Soong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, TX 77555"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, TX 77555"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, TX 77555"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, TX 77555"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaren","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, TX 77555"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032406235385000_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2010.10.004","article-title":"Immunologic basis of vaccine vectors","volume":"33","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025032406235385000_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.1997.8.1-37","article-title":"Innate immune mechanisms dominate elimination of adenoviral vectors following in vivo administration","volume":"8","author":"Worgall","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum. 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