{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T10:54:44Z","timestamp":1770720884142,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Abs to microbial capsules are critical for host defense against encapsulated pathogens, but very little is known about the effects of Ab binding on the capsule, apart from producing qualitative capsular reactions (\u201cquellung\u201d effects). A problem in studying Ab\u2013capsule interactions is the lack of experimental methodology, given that capsules are fragile, highly hydrated structures. In this study, we pioneered the use of optical tweezers microscopy to study Ab\u2013capsule interactions. Binding of protective mAbs to the capsule of the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans impaired yeast budding by trapping newly emerging buds inside the parental capsule. This effect is due to profound mAb-mediated changes in capsular mechanical properties, demonstrated by a concentration-dependent increase in capsule stiffness. This increase involved mAb-mediated cross-linking of capsular polysaccharide molecules. These results provide new insights into Ab-mediated immunity, while suggesting a new nonclassical mechanism of Ab function, which may apply to other encapsulated pathogens. Our findings add to the growing body of evidence that Abs have direct antimicrobial functions independent of other components of the immune system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1202324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,12]],"date-time":"2012-12-12T02:43:07Z","timestamp":1355280187000},"page":"317-323","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Antibody Binding to <i>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/i> Impairs Budding by Altering Capsular Mechanical Properties"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"190","author":[{"given":"Radames J B","family":"Cordero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx, NY 10461"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Pontes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Pin\u00e7as \u00d3ticas, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Frases","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biof\u00edsica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio S","family":"Nakouzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx, NY 10461"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Nimrichter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Estudos Integrados em Bioqu\u00edmica Microbiana, Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcio L","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Estudos Integrados em Bioqu\u00edmica Microbiana, Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de G\u00f3es, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnol\u00f3gico em Sa\u00fade , Rio de Janeiro, 21040-360","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathan B","family":"Viana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Pin\u00e7as \u00d3ticas, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Instituto de F\u00edsica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro , 21941-909","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arturo","family":"Casadevall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx, NY 10461"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032406203699200_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2184","article-title":"A new synthesis for antibody-mediated immunity","volume":"13","author":"Casadevall","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. 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