{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T04:44:17Z","timestamp":1792730657473,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]],"date-time":"2014-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>NFIL3 is a transcription factor that regulates multiple immunologic functions. In myeloid cells, NFIL3 is IL-10 inducible and has a key role as a repressor of IL-12p40 transcription. NFIL3 is a susceptibility gene for the human inflammatory bowel diseases. In this article, we describe spontaneous colitis in Nfil3\u2212\/\u2212 mice. Mice lacking both Nfil3 and Il10 had severe early-onset colitis, suggesting that NFIL3 and IL-10 independently regulate mucosal homeostasis. Lymphocytes were necessary for colitis, because Nfil3\/Rag1 double-knockout mice were protected from disease. However, Nfil3\/Rag1 double-knockout mice adoptively transferred with wild-type CD4+ T cells developed severe colitis compared with Rag1\u2212\/\u2212 recipients, suggesting that colitis was linked to defects in innate immune cells. Colitis was abrogated in Nfil3\/Il12b double-deficient mice, identifying Il12b dysregulation as a central pathogenic event. Finally, germ-free Nfil3\u2212\/\u2212 mice do not develop colonic inflammation. Thus, NFIL3 is a microbiota-dependent, IL-10\u2013independent regulator of mucosal homeostasis via IL-12p40.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1301819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,18]],"date-time":"2014-01-18T06:12:02Z","timestamp":1390025522000},"page":"1918-1927","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["NFIL3-Deficient Mice Develop Microbiota-Dependent, IL-12\/23\u2013Driven Spontaneous Colitis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"192","author":[{"given":"Taku","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin C","family":"Steinbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven M","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsuyoshi","family":"Matsuoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomonori","family":"Nochi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitsan","family":"Maharshak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke B","family":"Borst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, NC 27607"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Hostager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA 52242"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J Victor","family":"Garcia-Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul B","family":"Rothman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA 52242"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaki","family":"Kashiwada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, IA 52242"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University Graduate School of Medicine , Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shehzad Z","family":"Sheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital , Memphis TN, 38105"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital , Memphis TN, 38105"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott E","family":"Plevy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, NC 27599"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032404143367500_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1038\/ng2032","article-title":"Genome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility loci for Crohn disease and implicates autophagy in disease pathogenesis","volume":"39","author":"Rioux","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. 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