{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:39:46Z","timestamp":1791247186588,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]],"date-time":"2014-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Variants of the Bach2 gene are linked to vitiligo, celiac disease, and type 1 diabetes, but the underlying immunological mechanisms are unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that Bach2 plays crucial roles in maintaining T cell quiescence and governing the differentiation, activation, and survival of Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells. Bach2-deficient T cells display spontaneous activation and produce elevated levels of Th1\/Th2-type cytokines. Without Bach2, Treg cells exhibit diminished Foxp3 expression, depleted numbers, hyperactivation, enhanced proliferation, and profound loss of competitive fitness in vivo. Mechanistically, reduced survival of Bach2-deficient Treg cells was associated with reduced Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 levels and elevated Bim\/Bcl-2 ratio. Additionally, Bach2 deficiency induced selective loss of Helios\u2212Foxp3+ Treg cells and a Treg cell transcriptome skewed toward the Th1\/Th2 effector program at the expense of the Treg program. In vitro experiments confirmed that Bach2: 1) is indispensable for TCR\/TGF-\u03b2\u2013induced Foxp3 expression; and 2) mitigates aberrant differentiation of Treg cells by repression of the competing Gata3-driven Th2 effector program. Importantly, perturbations in the differentiation of induced Treg cells was linked to a fatal Th2-type chronic inflammatory lung disease in Bach2-deficient mice. Thus, Bach2 enforces T cell quiescence, promotes the development and survival of Treg lineage, restrains aberrant differentiation of Treg cells, and protects against immune-mediated diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1302378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,24]],"date-time":"2013-12-24T04:40:10Z","timestamp":1387860010000},"page":"985-995","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["Bach2 Regulates Homeostasis of Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells and Protects against Fatal Lung Disease in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"192","author":[{"given":"Eui Ho","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin , Madison, WI 53706"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J","family":"Gasper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin , Madison, WI 53706"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song Hee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Virology, University of Wisconsin , Madison, WI 53706"},{"name":"McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin , Madison, WI 53706"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin Hemmila","family":"Plisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin , Madison, WI 53706"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Svaren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin , Madison, WI 53706"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Suresh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin , Madison, WI 53706"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032404093056900_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141623","article-title":"Regulatory T cells: mechanisms of differentiation and function","volume":"30","author":"Josefowicz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu. 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