{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T22:03:58Z","timestamp":1789596238121,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]],"date-time":"2014-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Abs play a significant role in protection against the intracellular bacterium Salmonella Typhi. In this article, we investigated how long-term protective IgM responses can be elicited by a S. Typhi outer-membrane protein C\u2013 and F\u2013based subunit vaccine (porins). We found that repeated Ag exposure promoted a CD4+ T cell\u2013dependent germinal center reaction that generated mutated IgM-producing B cells and was accompanied by a strong expansion of IFN-\u03b3\u2013secreting T follicular helper cells. Genetic ablation of individual cytokine receptors revealed that both IFN-\u03b3 and IL-17 are required for optimal germinal center reactions and production of porin-specific memory IgM+ B cells. However, more profound reduction of porin-specific IgM B cell responses in the absence of IFN-\u03b3R signaling indicated that this cytokine plays a dominant role. Importantly, mutated IgM mAbs against porins exhibited bactericidal capacity and efficiently augmented S. Typhi clearance. In conclusion, repeated vaccination with S. Typhi porins programs type I T follicular helper cell responses that contribute to the diversification of B cell memory and promote the generation of protective IgM Abs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1302526","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,29]],"date-time":"2014-04-29T07:24:55Z","timestamp":1398756295000},"page":"5192-5200","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["IFN-\u03b3\u2013Producing CD4+ T Cells Promote Generation of Protective Germinal Center\u2013Derived IgM+ B Cell Memory against <i>Salmonella<\/i> Typhi"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"192","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Perez-Shibayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonal Hospital St. Gallen , CH-9007 St. Gallen,","place":["Switzerland"]},{"name":"Medical Research Unit on Immunochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Centre \u201cSiglo XXI,\u201d Mexican Social Security Institute , Mexico City, C.P. 06020","place":["Mexico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Gil-Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonal Hospital St. Gallen , CH-9007 St. Gallen,","place":["Switzerland"]},{"name":"Medical Research Unit on Immunochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Centre \u201cSiglo XXI,\u201d Mexican Social Security Institute , Mexico City, C.P. 06020","place":["Mexico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodolfo","family":"Pastelin-Palacios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico , Mexico City, C.P. 04510","place":["Mexico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Cervantes-Barragan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonal Hospital St. Gallen , CH-9007 St. Gallen,","place":["Switzerland"]},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO 63130"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, MO 63130"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emiliano","family":"Hisaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Unit on Immunochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Centre \u201cSiglo XXI,\u201d Mexican Social Security Institute , Mexico City, C.P. 06020","place":["Mexico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonal Hospital St. Gallen , CH-9007 St. Gallen,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas","family":"Onder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonal Hospital St. Gallen , CH-9007 St. Gallen,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elke","family":"Scandella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonal Hospital St. Gallen , CH-9007 St. Gallen,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommy","family":"Regen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Mainz , D-55131 Mainz,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ari","family":"Waisman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Mainz , D-55131 Mainz,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armando","family":"Isibasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Unit on Immunochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Centre \u201cSiglo XXI,\u201d Mexican Social Security Institute , Mexico City, C.P. 06020","place":["Mexico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constantino","family":"Lopez-Macias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Unit on Immunochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Centre \u201cSiglo XXI,\u201d Mexican Social Security Institute , Mexico City, C.P. 06020","place":["Mexico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Burkhard","family":"Ludewig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonal Hospital St. Gallen , CH-9007 St. Gallen,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032404320593000_r1","first-page":"346","article-title":"The global burden of typhoid fever","volume":"82","author":"Crump","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bull. 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