{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T12:24:16Z","timestamp":1789820656860,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]],"date-time":"2014-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>HSV-2 infection is common and generally asymptomatic, but it is associated with increased HIV susceptibility and disease progression. This may relate to herpes-mediated changes in genital and systemic immunology. Cervical cytobrushes and blood were collected from HIV-uninfected African\/Caribbean women in Toronto, and immune cell subsets were enumerated blindly by flow cytometry. Immune differences between groups were assessed by univariate analysis and confirmed using a multivariate model. Study participants consisted of 46 women, of whom 54% were infected with HSV-2. T cell activation and expression of the mucosal homing integrin \u03b14\u03b27 (19.60 versus 8.76%; p &amp;lt; 0.001) were increased in the blood of HSV-2\u2013infected women. Furthermore, expression of \u03b14\u03b27 on blood T cells correlated with increased numbers of activated (coexpressing CD38\/HLA-DR; p = 0.004) and CCR5+ (p = 0.005) cervical CD4+ T cells. HSV-2\u2013infected women exhibited an increase in the number of cervical CD4+ T cells (715 versus 262 cells\/cytobrush; p = 0.016), as well as an increase in the number and proportion of cervical CD4+ T cells that expressed CCR5+ (406 versus 131 cells, p = 0.001; and 50.70 versus 34.90%, p = 0.004) and were activated (112 versus 13 cells, p &amp;lt; 0.001; and 9.84 versus 4.86%, p = 0.009). Mannose receptor expression also was increased on cervical dendritic cell subsets. In conclusion, asymptomatic HSV-2 infection was associated with significant systemic and genital immune changes, including increased immune activation and systemic \u03b14\u03b27 expression; correlation of the latter with highly HIV-susceptible CD4+ T cell subsets in the cervix may provide a mechanism for the increased HIV susceptibility observed in asymptomatic HSV-2\u2013infected women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1302916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,24]],"date-time":"2014-04-24T03:17:44Z","timestamp":1398309464000},"page":"5074-5082","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Impact of Asymptomatic Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection on Mucosal Homing and Immune Cell Subsets in the Blood and Female Genital Tract"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"192","author":[{"given":"Brett","family":"Shannon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tae Joon","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamie","family":"Thomas-Pavanel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Health in Women\u2019s Hands Community Health Centre , Toronto M5B 7J3, Ontario,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisungu","family":"Chieza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Health in Women\u2019s Hands Community Health Centre , Toronto M5B 7J3, Ontario,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Praseedha","family":"Janakiram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Health in Women\u2019s Hands Community Health Centre , Toronto M5B 7J3, Ontario,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Saunders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Health in Women\u2019s Hands Community Health Centre , Toronto M5B 7J3, Ontario,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wangari","family":"Tharao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Health in Women\u2019s Hands Community Health Centre , Toronto M5B 7J3, Ontario,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanja","family":"Huibner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Remis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5T 3M7,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Public Health Ontario \u2013 Toronto Public Health Laboratory , Toronto, Ontario M9P 3T1,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anu","family":"Rebbapragada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Public Health Ontario \u2013 Toronto Public Health Laboratory , Toronto, Ontario M9P 3T1,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rupert","family":"Kaul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032404310062300_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-121-11-199412010-00004","article-title":"Recurrence rates in genital herpes after symptomatic first-episode infection","volume":"121","author":"Benedetti","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann. 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