{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T23:15:47Z","timestamp":1789168547893,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]],"date-time":"2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>TLR4, the innate immunity receptor for bacterial endotoxins, plays a pivotal role in the induction of inflammatory responses. There is a need to develop molecules that block either activation through TLR4 or the downstream signaling pathways to inhibit the storm of inflammation typically elicited by bacterial LPS, which is a major cause of the high mortality associated with bacterial sepsis. We report in this article that a single i.p. injection of 15 \u03bcg fatty acid binding protein from Fasciola hepatica (Fh12) 1 h before exposure to LPS suppressed significantly the expression of serum inflammatory cytokines in a model of septic shock using C57BL\/6 mice. Because macrophages are a good source of IL-12p70 and TNF-\u03b1, and are critical in driving adaptive immunity, we investigated the effect of Fh12 on the function of mouse bone marrow\u2013derived macrophages (bmM\u03a6s). Although Fh12 alone did not induce cytokine expression, it significantly suppressed the expression of IL-12, TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, and IL-1\u03b2 cytokines, as well as inducible NO synthase\u20132 in bmM\u03a6s, and also impaired the phagocytic capacity of bmM\u03a6s. Fh12 had a limited effect on the expression of inflammatory cytokines induced in response to other TLR ligands. One mechanism used by Fh12 to exert its anti-inflammatory effect is binding to the CD14 coreceptor. Moreover, it suppresses phosphorylation of ERK, p38, and JNK. The potent anti-inflammatory properties of Fh12 demonstrated in this study open doors to further studies directed at exploring the potential of this molecule as a new class of drug against septic shock or other inflammatory diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,17]],"date-time":"2015-03-17T02:56:48Z","timestamp":1426561008000},"page":"3924-3936","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["<i>Fasciola hepatica<\/i> Fatty Acid Binding Protein Inhibits TLR4 Activation and Suppresses the Inflammatory Cytokines Induced by Lipopolysaccharide In Vitro and In Vivo"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"194","author":[{"given":"Ivelisse","family":"Martin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Parasitology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico , San Juan ,","place":["Puerto Rico 00936-5067"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly","family":"Cab\u00e1n-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Parasitology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico , San Juan ,","place":["Puerto Rico 00936-5067"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olgary","family":"Figueroa-Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Parasitology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico , San Juan ,","place":["Puerto Rico 00936-5067"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana M","family":"Espino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Parasitology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico , San Juan ,","place":["Puerto Rico 00936-5067"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030706044007200_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2004.00191.x","article-title":"Helminth parasites\u2014masters of regulation","volume":"201","author":"Maizels","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunol. 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