{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T11:23:36Z","timestamp":1790249016246,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]],"date-time":"2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Helicobacter pylori infection triggers chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa that may progress to gastric cancer. The hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are the central mediators of cellular adaptation to low oxygen levels (hypoxia), but they have emerged recently as major transcriptional regulators of immunity and inflammation. No studies have investigated whether H. pylori affects HIF signaling in immune cells and a potential role for HIF in H. pylori\u2013mediated gastritis. HIF-1 and HIF-2 expression was examined in human H. pylori\u2013positive gastritis biopsies. Subsequent experiments were performed in naive and polarized bone marrow\u2013derived macrophages from wild-type (WT) and myeloid HIF-1\u03b1\u2013null mice (HIF-1\u0394myel). WT and HIF-1\u0394myel mice were inoculated with H. pylori by oral gavage and sacrificed 6 mo postinfection. HIF-1 was specifically expressed in macrophages of human H. pylori\u2013positive gastritis biopsies. Macrophage HIF-1 strongly contributed to the induction of proinflammatory genes (IL-6, IL-1\u03b2) and inducible NO synthase in response to H. pylori. HIF-2 expression and markers of M2 macrophage differentiation were decreased in response to H. pylori. HIF-1\u0394myel mice inoculated with H. pylori for 6 mo presented with a similar bacterial colonization than WT mice but, surprisingly, a global increase of inflammation, leading to a worsening of the gastritis, measured by an increased epithelial cell proliferation. In conclusion, myeloid HIF-1 is protective in H. pylori\u2013mediated gastritis, pointing to the complex counterbalancing roles of innate immune and inflammatory phenotypes in driving this pathology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,26]],"date-time":"2015-02-26T08:28:29Z","timestamp":1424939309000},"page":"3259-3266","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Myeloid HIF-1 Is Protective in <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\u2013Mediated Gastritis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"194","author":[{"given":"Pavle","family":"Matak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin , 75014 Paris ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 8104 , 75014 Paris ,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cit\u00e9 , 75014 Paris 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