{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T12:46:19Z","timestamp":1773665179162,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]],"date-time":"2015-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The Th cells that regulate peritoneal B-1 cell functions have not yet been well characterized. To address this question, we investigated peritoneal CD4+ T cells, observed a high frequency of the conjugates of B-CD4+ T cells in the peritoneal cavity, and identified a population of CD49dhighCD4+ T cells that constituted about half of all CD4+ T cells in the peritoneal cavity, but were rarely found in other compartments. Peritoneal CD49dhighCD4+ T cells were CD44highCD62Llow; expressed integrin \u03b14\u03b21 and CXCR3; and rapidly secreted IFN-\u03b3, TNF-\u03b1, and IL-2, showing features of proinflammatory Th1 cells. Peritoneal CD49dhighCD4+ T cells developed spontaneously, were detected at the age of 12 d, and showed stem cell\u2013like properties. Their development was observed in mice deficient for signaling lymphocytic activation molecule-associated protein, but not in athymic nude mice and mice lacking in expression of MHC class II on thymic epithelial cells. Peritoneal CD49dhighCD4+ T cells were more resistant to irradiation and more sensitive to NAD-induced cell death than CD49dlowCD4+ T cells. Notably, peritoneal CD49dhighCD4+ T cells also showed some characteristics of follicular Th cells, such as the expression of programmed cell death 1, ICOS, IL-21, and CXCR5. Moreover, peritoneal CD49dhighCD4+ T cells enhanced the secretion of IgM Abs by B-1a cells and IgG Abs by splenic B cells. These data suggest that peritoneal CD49dhighCD4+ T cells may be innate-like CD4+ T cells, which develop early and have a dual capacity to support both humoral and cellular immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401661","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,9]],"date-time":"2015-06-09T02:47:05Z","timestamp":1433818025000},"page":"564-575","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Early Development in the Peritoneal Cavity of CD49dhigh Th1 Memory Phenotype CD4+ T Cells with Enhanced B Cell Helper Activity"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"195","author":[{"given":"Hana","family":"Moon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chanho","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae-Ghi","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang Hyuck","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joo Hee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inseong","family":"Kho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"KyeongJin","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hoon-Suk","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul 135-710 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tae Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030703440625900_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.03.014","article-title":"Omental milky spots develop in the absence of lymphoid tissue-inducer cells and support B and T cell responses to peritoneal antigens","volume":"30","author":"Rangel-Moreno","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2025030703440625900_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2006.07.010","article-title":"B-1 B cells: development, selection, natural autoantibody and leukemia","volume":"18","author":"Hardy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. 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