{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T12:17:23Z","timestamp":1790338643133,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]],"date-time":"2015-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are terminally differentiated cells that are involved in innate immune responses and form an early line of defense against pathogens. More recently, it has been shown that PMNs have immunosuppressive abilities on other immune cells. However, the effect of PMNs on T cell responses during bacterial infection remains to be determined. In this report, we examined the interaction of PMNs and T cells in response to infection with Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of human melioidosis. We observed that CD4+ T cell proliferation and IFN-\u03b3 production in response to polyclonal activators is significantly inhibited by uninfected PMNs, and to a greater extent B. pseudomallei\u2013infected PMNs. Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), a known regulator of T cell activation, is increased in mRNA expression in the blood of patients and upon infection of PMNs in vitro. The increased expression of PD-L1 was correlated with the degree of T cell inhibition in individuals with type 2 diabetes, a major risk factor of melioidosis. In vitro, addition of anti\u2013PD-L1 Abs blocked this inhibitory activity and restored proliferation of CD4+ T cells and IFN-\u03b3 production, suggesting that PD-L1 on B. pseudomallei\u2013infected PMNs is a regulatory molecule for the functions of T cells and may be involved in pathogenesis versus control of melioidosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1402417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,24]],"date-time":"2015-03-24T03:02:39Z","timestamp":1427166159000},"page":"4413-4421","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Programmed Death Ligand 1 on <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/i>\u2013Infected Human Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils Impairs T Cell Functions"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"194","author":[{"given":"Surachat","family":"Buddhisa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University , Khon Kaen 40002 ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darawan","family":"Rinchai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University , Khon Kaen 40002 ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manabu","family":"Ato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo 162-8640 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory J","family":"Bancroft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine , London WC1E 7HT ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ganjana","family":"Lertmemongkolchai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University , Khon Kaen 40002 ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030706143711900_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1785","article-title":"Neutrophils and immunity: challenges and opportunities","volume":"6","author":"Nathan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. 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