{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:52:33Z","timestamp":1790787153930,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,1]],"date-time":"2015-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438387200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>A small pool of NK1.1+ CD8+ T cells is harbored among the conventional CD8+ T cell compartment. Conclusions drawn from the analysis of immune responses mediated by cytotoxic CD8+ T cells are often based on the total population, which includes these contaminating NK1.1+ CD8+ T cells. An unresolved question is whether NK1.1+ CD8+ cells are conventional T cells that acquire NK1.1 expression upon activation or delineation into memory phenotype or whether they are a distinct cell population that induces immune responses in a different manner than conventional T cells. To address this question, we used the Listeria monocytogenes model of infection and followed CD8+ NK1.1+ T cells and NK1.1\u2212 CD8+ T cells during each phase of the immune response: innate, effector, and memory. Our central finding is that CD8+ NK1.1+ cells and conventional NK1.1\u2212 CD8+ T cells both contribute to the adaptive immune response to Listeria, but only CD8+ NK1.1+ cells were equipped with the ability to provide a rapid innate immune response, as demonstrated by early and Ag-independent IFN-\u03b3 production, granzyme B expression, and degranulation. More importantly, purified conventional CD8+ T cells alone, in the absence of any contaminating CD8+ NK1.1+ cells, were not sufficient to provide early protection to lethally infected mice. These results highlight the role of CD8+ NK1.1+ T cells in mounting early innate responses that are important for host defense and support the therapeutic potential of this subset to improve the effectiveness of protective immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1500084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,27]],"date-time":"2015-06-27T12:26:16Z","timestamp":1435407976000},"page":"1112-1120","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Dissecting CD8+ NKT Cell Responses to <i>Listeria<\/i> Infection Reveals a Component of Innate Resistance"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"195","author":[{"given":"Sergey S","family":"Seregin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor, MI 48109"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace Y","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor, MI 48109"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmina","family":"Laouar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor, MI 48109"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030703595159900_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2658","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200636059","article-title":"Kinetics of CD8+ effector T cell responses and induced CD4+ regulatory T cell responses during Friend retrovirus infection","volume":"36","author":"Zelinskyy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. 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