{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T13:33:24Z","timestamp":1791725604690,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]],"date-time":"2016-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>CCR9 expressed on T lymphocytes mediates migration to the small intestine in response to a gradient of CCL25. CCL25-stimulated activation of \u03b14\u03b27 integrin promotes cell adherence to mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) expressed by vascular endothelial cells of the intestine, further mediating gut-specific homing. Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract and is characterized by leukocyte infiltration. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used to treat inflammatory bowel disease but their effect on intestinal leukocyte homing is not well understood. We investigated the effect of GCs on the gut-specific chemokine receptor pair, CCR9 and CCL25. Using human peripheral blood-derived T lymphocytes enriched for CCR9 by cell sorting or culturing with all-trans retinoic acid, we measured chemotaxis, intracellular calcium flux, and \u03b14\u03b27-mediated cell adhesion to plate-bound MAdCAM-1. Dexamethasone (DEX), a specific GC receptor agonist, significantly reduced CCR9-mediated chemotaxis and adhesion to MAdCAM-1 without affecting CCR9 surface expression. In contrast, in the same cells, DEX increased CXCR4 surface expression and CXCL12-mediated signaling and downstream functions. The effects of DEX on human primary T cells were reversed by the GC receptor antagonist mifepristone. These results demonstrate that GCs suppress CCR9-mediated chemotaxis, intracellular calcium flux, and \u03b14\u03b27-mediated cell adhesion in vitro, and these effects could contribute to the efficacy of GCs in treating intestinal inflammation in vivo.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1500619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,26]],"date-time":"2016-03-26T01:24:46Z","timestamp":1458955486000},"page":"3910-3919","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Glucocorticoids Suppress CCR9-Mediated Chemotaxis, Calcium Flux, and Adhesion to MAdCAM-1 in Human T Cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"196","author":[{"given":"Emily","family":"Wendt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital , Oxford OX3 9DU ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gemma E","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3RE ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Ferry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Medicine Division, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 9DU ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Huhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital , Oxford OX3 9DU ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David R","family":"Greaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3RE ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satish","family":"Keshav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital , Oxford OX3 9DU ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030702160966200_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.190.9.1241","article-title":"Human G protein-coupled receptor GPR-9-6\/CC chemokine receptor 9 is selectively expressed on intestinal homing T lymphocytes, mucosal lymphocytes, and thymocytes and is required for thymus-expressed chemokine-mediated chemotaxis","volume":"190","author":"Zabel","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. 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