{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T03:11:45Z","timestamp":1791515505193,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]],"date-time":"2015-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical for resistance to Toxoplasma gondii, and infection with this pathogen leads to increased numbers of DCs at local sites of parasite replication and in secondary lymphoid organs, but the factors that regulate this expansion are poorly understood. The cytokine Flt3 ligand (Flt3L) is critical for the generation and maintenance of DCs, and Flt3L\u2212\/\u2212 mice were found to be highly susceptible to acute toxoplasmosis. This phenotype correlated with decreased production of IL-12 and IFN-\u03b3, as well as impaired NK cell responses. Surprisingly, despite low basal numbers of DCs, Flt3L\u2212\/\u2212 mice infected with T. gondii displayed an expansion of CD8\u03b1+ and CD11bloCD8\u03b1\u2212 DCs. Infection also induced an expansion of parasite-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in Flt3L\u2212\/\u2212 mice; however, these cells were reduced in number and displayed impaired ability to produce IFN-\u03b3 relative to wild-type controls. Exogenous IL-12 treatment partially restored NK and T cell responses in Flt3L\u2212\/\u2212 mice, as well as acute resistance; however, these mice eventually succumbed to toxoplasmic encephalitis, despite the presence of large numbers of DCs and T cells in the brain. These results highlight the importance of Flt3L for resistance to toxoplasmosis and demonstrate the existence of Flt3L-independent pathways that can mediate infection-induced expansion of DCs and T cell priming.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1500690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,19]],"date-time":"2015-09-19T03:14:52Z","timestamp":1442632492000},"page":"4369-4377","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Flt3 Ligand Is Essential for Survival and Protective Immune Responses during Toxoplasmosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"195","author":[{"given":"Christopher D","family":"Dupont","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gretchen","family":"Harms Pritchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinya","family":"Hidano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Christian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sagie","family":"Wagage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaia","family":"Muallem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elia D","family":"Tait Wojno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher A","family":"Hunter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030704211150200_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1550-7408.2008.00345.x","article-title":"The history of Toxoplasma gondii\u2014the first 100 years","volume":"55","author":"Dubey","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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