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In this study, we isolated 10 TCR sequences against four MAGE-C2 (MC2) epitopes from melanoma patients who showed clinical responses following vaccination that were accompanied by significant frequencies of anti-MC2 CD8 T cells in blood and tumor without apparent side effects. We introduced these TCRs into T cells, pretreated tumor cells of different histological origins with the epigenetic drugs azacytidine and valproate, and tested tumor and self-reactivities of these TCRs. Pretreatment of tumor cells upregulated MC2 gene expression and enhanced recognition by T cells. In contrast, a panel of normal cell types did not express MC2 mRNA, and similar pretreatment did not result in recognition by MC2-directed T cells. Interestingly, the expression levels of MC2, but not those of CD80, CD86, or programmed death-ligand 1 or 2, correlated with T cell responsiveness. One of the tested TCRs consistently recognized pretreated MC2+ cell lines from melanoma, head and neck, bladder, and triple-negative breast cancers but showed no response to MHC-eluted peptides or peptides highly similar to MC2. We conclude that targeting MC2 Ag, combined with epigenetic drug-enhanced antigenicity, allows for significant and tumor-selective T cell responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1502024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,4]],"date-time":"2016-08-04T01:58:52Z","timestamp":1470275932000},"page":"2541-2552","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["MAGE-C2\u2013Specific TCRs Combined with Epigenetic Drug-Enhanced Antigenicity Yield Robust and Tumor-Selective T Cell Responses"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"197","author":[{"given":"Andre","family":"Kunert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute , 3015 CN Rotterdam,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9679-1094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mandy","family":"van Brakel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute , 3015 CN Rotterdam,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"van Steenbergen-Langeveld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute , 3015 CN Rotterdam,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marvin","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute , 3015 CN Rotterdam,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre G","family":"Coulie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"de Duve Institute, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain , 1200 Brussels,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6887-1377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cor","family":"Lamers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute , 3015 CN Rotterdam,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Sleijfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute , 3015 CN Rotterdam,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reno","family":"Debets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute , 3015 CN Rotterdam,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030617501687700_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1129003","article-title":"Cancer regression in patients after transfer of genetically engineered lymphocytes","volume":"314","author":"Morgan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2025030617501687700_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-03-211714","article-title":"Gene therapy with human and mouse T-cell receptors mediates cancer regression and targets normal tissues expressing cognate antigen","volume":"114","author":"Johnson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2025030617501687700_r3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2010.272","article-title":"T cells targeting carcinoembryonic antigen can mediate regression of metastatic colorectal cancer but induce severe transient colitis","volume":"19","author":"Parkhurst","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. 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