{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T05:27:03Z","timestamp":1741325223431,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]],"date-time":"2016-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The clinical response in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients treated with biologic agents can be influenced by pharmacokinetic variability among and within these patients. Therapeutic drug monitoring is seen as a valuable tool to improve patient care. The aim of this study was to generate a panel of mAbs toward etanercept (ETN) and to determine ETN and anti-ETN concentrations in AS patients. mAbs against ETN (MA-ETN) were generated using hybridoma technology. For quantification of ETN concentrations, a mAb-based TNF-coated ELISA and a mAb\/mAb-based sandwich-type ELISA were developed. For evaluation of the anti-ETN Ab response, a bridging ELISA, as well as a functional cell-based assay, were constructed. Disease activity of the AS patients was measured with the AS Disease Activity Score (ASDAS). Active disease was defined as ASDAS \u2265 2.1. A total of 59 of 76 generated mAbs were ETN specific and were characterized further. Fifty-one mAbs revealed inhibitory properties in a cell-based assay. Analysis of serum concentrations of 21 ETN-treated AS patients with the TNF\/MA-ETN68C5-HRP ELISA and the MA-ETN63C8\/MA-ETN61C1-HRP ELISA revealed a good Pearson\u2019s r (+0.974) but a poor intraclass correlation coefficient (+0.528) as the result of underestimation of the values in the former ELISA. At 24 wk, ETN concentrations were similar in patients with ASDAS &amp;lt; 2.1 and \u2265 2.1. Anti-ETN Abs were not detected in any of the patient samples tested. In conclusion, highly sensitive mAb-based immunoassays were developed for quantification of ETN and anti-ETN concentrations. The impact of these methods needs to be evaluated further in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1502195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,4]],"date-time":"2016-02-04T03:28:51Z","timestamp":1454556531000},"page":"2879-2884","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Characterization and Application of a Unique Panel of Monoclonal Antibodies Generated against Etanercept"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"196","author":[{"given":"Iris","family":"Detrez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Laboratory for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Antibodies, KU Leuven , B-3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Els","family":"Brouwers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Laboratory for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Antibodies, KU Leuven , B-3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miet","family":"Peeters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Laboratory for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Antibodies, KU Leuven , B-3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Geukens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PharmAbs, The KU Leuven Antibody Center , B-3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kurt","family":"de Vlam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven , B-3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Gils","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Laboratory for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Antibodies, KU Leuven , B-3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030702145434400_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.064543","article-title":"The epidemiology of ankylosing spondylitis and the commencement of anti-TNF therapy in daily rheumatology practice","volume":"66","author":"Vander Cruyssen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. 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