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Brd4 has emerged as an important NF-\u03baB regulator and regulates the expression of many NF-\u03baB\u2013dependent inflammatory genes. In this study, we demonstrated that Brd4 was not only actively involved in H. pylori\u2013induced inflammatory gene mRNA transcription but also H. pylori\u2013induced inflammatory gene enhancer RNA (eRNA) synthesis. Suppression of H. pylori\u2013induced eRNA synthesis impaired H. pylori\u2013induced mRNA synthesis. Furthermore, H. pylori stimulated NF-\u03baB\u2013dependent recruitment of Brd4 to the promoters and enhancers of inflammatory genes to facilitate the RNA polymerase II\u2013mediated eRNA and mRNA synthesis. Inhibition of Brd4 by JQ1 attenuated H. pylori\u2013induced eRNA and mRNA synthesis for a subset of NF-\u03baB\u2013dependent inflammatory genes. JQ1 also inhibited H. pylori\u2013induced interaction between Brd4 and RelA and the recruitment of Brd4 and RNA polymerase II to the promoters and enhancers of inflammatory genes. Finally, we demonstrated that JQ1 suppressed inflammatory gene expression, inflammation, and cell proliferation in H. pylori\u2013infected mice. These studies highlight the importance of Brd4 in H. pylori\u2013induced inflammatory gene expression and suggest that Brd4 could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of H. pylori\u2013triggered inflammatory diseases and cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1502261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,16]],"date-time":"2016-04-16T03:14:31Z","timestamp":1460776471000},"page":"4132-4142","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["BET Inhibition Attenuates <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\u2013Induced Inflammatory Response by Suppressing Inflammatory Gene Transcription and Enhancer Activation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"196","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0612-8553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinjing","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801"},{"name":"Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing 100050 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing 100050 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiangming","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7891-9231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruichuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361101 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6023-7793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judith","family":"Romero-Gallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine and Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4836-5960","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Richard M","family":"Peek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine and Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, TN 37232"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1809-1580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin-Feng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030702165248300_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc703","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori and gastrointestinal tract adenocarcinomas","volume":"2","author":"Peek","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. 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