{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T11:25:22Z","timestamp":1790162722974,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]],"date-time":"2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Commensal microbiota are critical for the development of local immune responses. In this article, we show that gut microbiota can regulate CD4 T cell polarization during pulmonary fungal infections. Vancomycin drinking water significantly decreased lung Th17 cell numbers during acute infection, demonstrating that Gram-positive commensals contribute to systemic inflammation. We next tested a role for RegIII\u03b3, an IL-22\u2013inducible antimicrobial protein with specificity for Gram-positive bacteria. Following infection, increased accumulation of Th17 cells in the lungs of RegIII\u03b3\u2212\/\u2212 and Il22\u2212\/\u2212 mice was associated with intestinal segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) colonization. Although gastrointestinal delivery of rRegIII\u03b3 decreased lung inflammatory gene expression and protected Il22\u2212\/\u2212 mice from weight loss during infection, it had no direct effect on SFB colonization, fungal clearance, or lung Th17 immunity. We further show that vancomycin only decreased lung IL-17 production in mice colonized with SFB. To determine the link between gut microbiota and lung immunity, serum-transfer experiments revealed that IL-1R ligands increase the accumulation of lung Th17 cells. These data suggest that intestinal microbiota, including SFB, can regulate pulmonary adaptive immune responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1502566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,24]],"date-time":"2016-05-24T03:04:56Z","timestamp":1464059096000},"page":"97-107","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":123,"title":["Pulmonary Th17 Antifungal Immunity Is Regulated by the Gut Microbiome"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"197","author":[{"given":"Jeremy P","family":"McAleer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Richard King Mellon Foundation Institute for Pediatric Research, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh, PA 15224"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikki L H","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Richard King Mellon Foundation Institute for Pediatric Research, Children\u2019s Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh 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