{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T01:33:33Z","timestamp":1786412013769,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the causative agent of the sexually transmitted infection, gonorrhea, has developed resistance to most conventional antibiotics. Safe and effective vaccines against gonorrhea are needed urgently. A candidate vaccine that targets a lipooligosaccharide (LOS) epitope recognized mAb 2C7 attenuates gonococcal burden in the mouse vaginal colonization model. Glycan extensions from the LOS core heptoses (HepI and HepII) are controlled by phase-variable LOS glycosyltransferase (lgt) genes; we sought to define how HepI glycan extensions affect mAb 2C7 function. Isogenic gonococcal mutants in which the lgt required for mAb 2C7 reactivity (lgtG) was genetically locked on and the lgt loci required for HepI variation (lgtA, lgtC, and lgtD) were genetically locked on or off in different combinations were created. We observed 100% complement-dependent killing by mAb 2C7 of a mutant that expressed lactose (Gal-Glc) from HepI, whereas a mutant that expressed Gal-Gal-Glc-HepI fully resisted killing (&amp;gt;100% survival). Mutants that elaborated 4- (Gal-GlcNAc-Gal-Glc-HepI) and 5-glycan (GalNAc-Gal-GlcNAc-Gal-Glc-HepI) structures displayed intermediate phenotypes (&amp;lt;50% killing with 2 \u03bcg\/ml and &amp;gt;95% killing with 4 \u03bcg\/ml mAb 2C7). The contrasting phenotypes of the lactose-HepI and the Gal-Gal-Glc-HepI LOS structures were recapitulated with phase variants of a recently isolated clinical strain. Despite lack of killing of the Gal-Gal-Glc-HepI mutants, mAb 2C7 deposited sufficient C3 on these bacteria for opsonophagocytic killing by human neutrophils. In conclusion, mAb 2C7 showed functional activity against all gonococcal HepI LOS structures defined by various lgtA\/C\/D on\/off combinations, thereby providing further impetus for use of the 2C7 epitope in a gonococcal vaccine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1600374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,3]],"date-time":"2016-05-03T01:59:02Z","timestamp":1462240742000},"page":"4576-4586","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Phase-Variable Heptose I Glycan Extensions Modulate Efficacy of 2C7 Vaccine Antibody Directed against <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i> Lipooligosaccharide"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"196","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9321-5921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Srinjoy","family":"Chakraborti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, MA 01605"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9469-9083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa A","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, MA 01605"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew D","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada , Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"St. Michael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada , Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianjun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada , Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A","family":"Rice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, MA 01605"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjay","family":"Ram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, MA 01605"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030702172719400_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0143304","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143304","article-title":"Global estimates of the prevalence and incidence of four curable sexually transmitted infections in 2012 based on systematic review and global reporting","volume":"10","author":"Newman","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00010-14","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the 21st century: past, evolution, and future","volume":"27","author":"Unemo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.08.067","article-title":"Vaccines against gonorrhea: current status and future challenges","volume":"32","author":"Jerse","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2011.00124","article-title":"Vaccines for gonorrhea: can we rise to the challenge?","volume":"2","author":"Zhu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(00)89012-5","article-title":"Vaccines for gonorrhea: where are we on the curve?","volume":"3","author":"Blake","year":"1995","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112167","article-title":"Mechanism of action of blocking immunoglobulin G for Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"76","author":"Joiner","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.180.6.2181","article-title":"Genetic locus for the biosynthesis of the variable portion of Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharide","volume":"180","author":"Gotschlich","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.07.065","article-title":"Characterization of a peptide vaccine candidate mimicking an oligosaccharide epitope of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and resultant immune responses and function","volume":"24","author":"Ngampasutadol","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvi061","article-title":"Normal human sera contain bactericidal IgG that binds to the oligosaccharide epitope expressed within lipooligosaccharides of Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"137","author":"Yamasaki","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biochem."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200110000-00001","article-title":"Experimental gonococcal urethritis and reinfection with homologous gonococci in male volunteers","volume":"28","author":"Schmidt","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sex. Transm. Dis."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/174.6.1223","article-title":"Immunogenicity of Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharide epitope 2C7, widely expressed in vivo with no immunochemical similarity to human glycosphingolipids","volume":"174","author":"Gulati","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36550","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.51.36550","article-title":"Structural and immunochemical characterization of a Neisseria gonorrhoeae epitope defined by a monoclonal antibody 2C7; the antibody recognizes a conserved epitope on specific lipo-oligosaccharides in spite of the presence of human carbohydrate epitopes","volume":"274","author":"Yamasaki","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10872","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.18.10872","article-title":"Identification of the gene (lgtG) encoding the lipooligosaccharide beta chain synthesizing glucosyl transferase from Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"95","author":"Banerjee","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003559","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003559","article-title":"Immunization against a saccharide epitope accelerates clearance of experimental gonococcal infection","volume":"9","author":"Gulati","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwf047","article-title":"Neisseria gonorrhoeae strain PID2 simultaneously expresses six chemically related lipooligosaccharide structures","volume":"12","author":"Tong","year":"2002","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6408","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/19.23.6408","article-title":"Components and dynamics of fiber formation define a ubiquitous biogenesis pathway for bacterial pili","volume":"19","author":"Wolfgang","year":"2000","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1732","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1500292","article-title":"A novel factor H-Fc chimeric immunotherapeutic molecule against Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"196","author":"Shaughnessy","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(94)36013-8","article-title":"Complement-mediated bacterial killing assays","volume":"236","author":"McQuillen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35053","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M401433200","article-title":"The MisR\/MisS two-component regulatory system influences inner core structure and immunotype of lipooligosaccharide in Neisseria meningitidis","volume":"279","author":"Tzeng","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(99)00238-3","article-title":"Construction of mutant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae lacking new antibiotic resistance markers using a two gene cassette with positive and negative selection","volume":"236","author":"Johnston","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001027","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001027","article-title":"The meningococcal vaccine candidate neisserial surface protein A (NspA) binds to factor H and enhances meningococcal resistance to complement","volume":"6","author":"Lewis","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8898","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1432026100","article-title":"Host-derived sialic acid is incorporated into Haemophilus influenzae lipopolysaccharide and is a major virulence factor in experimental otitis media","volume":"100","author":"Bouchet","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1089\/hyb.2007.0552","article-title":"Structural requirements for monoclonal antibody 2-1-L8 recognition of neisserial lipooligosaccharides","volume":"27","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hybridoma (Larchmt)"},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9716","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.13.9716","article-title":"Structural relationships and sialylation among meningococcal L1, L8, and L3,7 lipooligosaccharide serotypes","volume":"275","author":"McLeod Griffiss","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.168.1.107","article-title":"Lipooligosaccharides (LOS) of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis have components that are immunochemically similar to precursors of human blood group antigens. Carbohydrate sequence specificity of the mouse monoclonal antibodies that recognize crossreacting antigens on LOS and human erythrocytes","volume":"168","author":"Mandrell","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5063","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1103748","article-title":"The relative roles of factor H binding protein, neisserial surface protein A, and lipooligosaccharide sialylation in regulation of the alternative pathway of complement on meningococci","volume":"188","author":"Lewis","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3230469","article-title":"The amino-terminal module of the C4b-binding protein \u03b1-chain is crucial for C4b binding and factor I-cofactor function","volume":"323","author":"H\u00e4rdig","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.193.3.281","article-title":"Binding of C4b-binding protein to porin: a molecular mechanism of serum resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"193","author":"Ram","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3416","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1102746","article-title":"Properdin is critical for antibody-dependent bactericidal activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae that recruit C4b-binding protein","volume":"188","author":"Gulati","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4881","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1003623","article-title":"Novel blocking human IgG directed against the pentapeptide repeat motifs of Neisseria meningitidis Lip\/H.8 and Laz lipoproteins","volume":"186","author":"Ray","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20861","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.34.20861","article-title":"The amino-terminal module of the C4b-binding protein \u03b2-chain contains the protein S-binding site","volume":"271","author":"H\u00e4rdig","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e02465-14","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02465-14","article-title":"\u03b1-2,3-Sialyltransferase expression level impacts the kinetics of lipooligosaccharide sialylation, complement resistance, and the ability of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to colonize the murine genital tract","volume":"6","author":"Lewis","year":"2015","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00751-12","article-title":"Phosphoethanolamine residues on the lipid A moiety of Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharide modulate binding of complement inhibitors and resistance to complement killing","volume":"81","author":"Lewis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00339","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00339-13","article-title":"Factor H-dependent alternative pathway inhibition mediated by porin B contributes to virulence of Neisseria meningitidis","volume":"4","author":"Lewis","year":"2013","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.04839.x","article-title":"The transcriptome response of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to hydrogen peroxide reveals genes with previously uncharacterized roles in oxidative damage protection","volume":"58","author":"Stohl","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.191.6.949","article-title":"Role of lipooligosaccharide in Opa-independent invasion of Neisseria gonorrhoeae into human epithelial cells","volume":"191","author":"Song","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.4.1038-1049.2004","article-title":"The lgtABCDE gene cluster, involved in lipooligosaccharide biosynthesis in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, contains multiple promoter sequences","volume":"186","author":"Braun","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4071","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01109-06","article-title":"Heptose I glycan substitutions on Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharide influence C4b-binding protein binding and serum resistance","volume":"75","author":"Ram","year":"2007","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.179.3.911","article-title":"Multiple gonococcal opacity proteins are expressed during experimental urethral infection in the male","volume":"179","author":"Jerse","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2007.00947.x","article-title":"The specific innate immune receptor CEACAM3 triggers neutrophil bactericidal activities via a Syk kinase-dependent pathway","volume":"9","author":"Sarantis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell. Microbiol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.05702-11","article-title":"Defining the roles of human carcinoembryonic antigen-related cellular adhesion molecules during neutrophil responses to Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"80","author":"Sarantis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0134342","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134342","article-title":"Expression of opacity proteins interferes with the transmigration of Neisseria gonorrhoeae across polarized epithelial cells","volume":"10","author":"Stein","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7390","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.11.7390-7397.2005","article-title":"Enhanced factor H binding to sialylated gonococci is restricted to the sialylated lacto-N-neotetraose lipooligosaccharide species: implications for serum resistance and evidence for a bifunctional lipooligosaccharide sialyltransferase in gonococci","volume":"73","author":"Gulati","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1006\/jaut.2000.0477","article-title":"The mimicry of human glycolipids and glycosphingolipids by the lipooligosaccharides of pathogenic Neisseria and Haemophilus","volume":"16","author":"Harvey","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2001.02666.x","article-title":"Receptor-mediated endocytosis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae into primary human urethral epithelial cells: the role of the asialoglycoprotein receptor","volume":"42","author":"Harvey","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.4.1434-1439.1995","article-title":"Gonococcal opacity: lectin-like interactions between Opa proteins and lipooligosaccharide","volume":"63","author":"Blake","year":"1995","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3744","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.7.3744-3751.2002","article-title":"The Neisseria lipooligosaccharide-specific \u03b1-2,3-sialyltransferase is a surface-exposed outer membrane protein","volume":"70","author":"Shell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r48","first-page":"3295","article-title":"Cytidine 5\u2032-monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid or a related compound is the low Mr factor from human red blood cells which induces gonococcal resistance to killing by human serum","volume":"134","author":"Nairn","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Gen. Microbiol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/0882-4010(88)90103-9","article-title":"Cytidine 5\u2032-monophospho-N-acetyl neuraminic acid and a low molecular weight factor from human blood cells induce lipopolysaccharide alteration in gonococci when conferring resistance to killing by human serum","volume":"5","author":"Parsons","year":"1988","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3894","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.7.3894-3899.2000","article-title":"The lipopolysaccharide structures of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Neisseria gonorrhoeae determine the attachment of human mannose-binding lectin to intact organisms","volume":"68","author":"Devyatyarova-Johnson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2617","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01439.x","article-title":"Antibodies to N-terminal peptides of gonococcal porin are bactericidal when gonococcal lipopolysaccharide is not sialylated","volume":"6","author":"Elkins","year":"1992","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.187.5.743","article-title":"A novel sialic acid binding site on factor H mediates serum resistance of sialylated Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"187","author":"Ram","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/162.2.506","article-title":"Modification by sialic acid of Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharide epitope expression in human urethral exudates: an immunoelectron microscopic analysis","volume":"162","author":"Apicella","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.174.6.1601","article-title":"Expression of paragloboside-like lipooligosaccharides may be a necessary component of gonococcal pathogenesis in men","volume":"174","author":"Schneider","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis481","article-title":"Urethral exudates of men with Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections select a restricted lipooligosaccharide phenotype during transmission","volume":"206","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4094","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00433-06","article-title":"\u03b1-2,3-Sialyltransferase enhances Neisseria gonorrhoeae survival during experimental murine genital tract infection","volume":"74","author":"Wu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2011.00030","article-title":"Lipooligosaccharide structure is an important determinant in the resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to antimicrobial agents of innate host defense","volume":"2","author":"Balthazar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.50.3.672-677.1985","article-title":"Elaboration of a 3.6-kilodalton lipooligosaccharide, antibody against which is absent from human sera, is associated with serum resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"50","author":"Schneider","year":"1985","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1177\/09680519020080010501","article-title":"Phase variable changes in genes lgtA and lgtC within the lgtABCDE operon of Neisseria gonorrhoeae can modulate gonococcal susceptibility to normal human serum","volume":"8","author":"Shafer","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Endotoxin Res."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.147.1.298","article-title":"Lysis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae initiated by binding of normal human IgM to a hexosamine-containing lipooligosaccharide epitope(s) is augmented by strain-specific, properdin-binding-dependent alternative complement pathway activation","volume":"147","author":"Griffiss","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000625","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000625","article-title":"Variation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharide directs dendritic cell-induced T helper responses","volume":"5","author":"van Vliet","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2011.00052","article-title":"New concepts in immunity to Neisseria gonorrhoeae: innate responses and suppression of adaptive immunity favor the pathogen, not the host","volume":"2","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19303","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)54998-X","article-title":"The structural basis for pyocin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharides","volume":"266","author":"John","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)43819-7","article-title":"The structure of lipooligosaccharide produced by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, strain 15253, isolated from a patient with disseminated infection. Evidence for a new glycosylation pathway of the gonococcal lipooligosaccharide","volume":"269","author":"Yamasaki","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1016\/0161-5890(91)90010-H","article-title":"Epitope expression and partial structural characterization of F62 lipooligosaccharide (LOS) of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: IgM monoclonal antibodies (3F11 and 1-1-M) recognize non-reducing termini of the LOS components","volume":"28","author":"Yamasaki","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2808","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2009.04.025","article-title":"Complement evasion strategies of pathogens\u2014acquisition of inhibitors and beyond","volume":"46","author":"Blom","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.1998.2540626.x","article-title":"Structure of an \u03b1-2,6-sialylated lipooligosaccharide from Neisseria meningitidis immunotype L1","volume":"254","author":"Wakarchuk","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"2025030702172719400_r68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3017","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.60.7.3017-3020.1992","article-title":"Further antigenic similarities of Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipooligosaccharides and human glycosphingolipids","volume":"60","author":"Mandrell","year":"1992","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jimmunol\/article-pdf\/196\/11\/4576\/62253853\/1600374.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jimmunol\/article-pdf\/196\/11\/4576\/62253853\/1600374.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T02:41:16Z","timestamp":1741315276000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jimmunol\/article\/196\/11\/4576\/7974423"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1600374","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1767","1550-6606"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1767","type":"print"},{"value":"1550-6606","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]]}}}