{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:59:20Z","timestamp":1791230360659,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]],"date-time":"2016-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470009600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The presence of inflammatory infiltrates with B cells, specifically plasma cells, is the hallmark of periodontitis lesions. The composition of these infiltrates in various stages of homeostasis and disease development is not well documented. Human tissue biopsies from sites with gingival health (n = 29), gingivitis (n = 8), and periodontitis (n = 21) as well as gingival tissue after treated periodontitis (n = 6) were obtained and analyzed for their composition of B cell subsets. Ag specificity, Ig secretion, and expression of receptor activator of NF-\u03baB ligand and granzyme B were performed. Although most of the B cell subsets in healthy gingiva and gingivitis tissues were CD19+CD27+CD38\u2212 memory B cells, the major B cell component in periodontitis was CD19+CD27+CD38+CD138+HLA-DRlow plasma cells, not plasmablasts. Plasma cell aggregates were observed at the base of the periodontal pocket and scattered throughout the gingiva, especially apically toward the advancing front of the lesion. High expression of CXCL12, a proliferation-inducing ligand, B cell\u2013activating factor, IL-10, IL-6, and IL-21 molecules involved in local B cell responses was detected in both gingivitis and periodontitis tissues. Periodontitis tissue plasma cells mainly secreted IgG specific to periodontal pathogens and also expressed receptor activator of NF-\u03baB ligand, a bone resorption cytokine. Memory B cells resided in the connective tissue subjacent to the junctional epithelium in healthy gingiva. This suggested a role of memory B cells in maintaining periodontal homeostasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1600540","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,23]],"date-time":"2016-06-23T10:16:16Z","timestamp":1466676976000},"page":"715-725","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Human Memory B Cells in Healthy Gingiva, Gingivitis, and Periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"197","author":[{"given":"Rangsini","family":"Mahanonda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok 10330,","place":["Thailand"]},{"name":"Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok 10330,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chantrakorn","family":"Champaiboon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok 10330,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keskanya","family":"Subbalekha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok 10330,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noppadol","family":"Sa-Ard-Iam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok 10330,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0024-7287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Warattaya","family":"Rattanathammatada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok 10330,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saranya","family":"Thawanaphong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok 10330,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pimprapa","family":"Rerkyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok 10330,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7740-0366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fuminobu","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University , Nagoya 464-8650,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3587-7606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keiji","family":"Nagano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University , Nagoya 464-8650,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niklaus P","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, University of Berne , Berne 3012,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sathit","family":"Pichyangkul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok 10330,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030617465534900_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034514552491","article-title":"Global burden of severe periodontitis in 1990-2010: a systematic review and meta-regression","volume":"93","author":"Kassebaum","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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