{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]],"date-time":"2025-08-30T17:00:52Z","timestamp":1756573252810,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]],"date-time":"2017-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is associated with B cell activation and exhaustion, and hypergammaglobulinemia. How these changes influence B cell responses to coinfections such as malaria is poorly understood. To address this, we compared B cell phenotypes and Abs specific for the Plasmodium falciparum vaccine candidate apical membrane Ag-1 (AMA1) in HIV-infected and uninfected adults living in Kenya. Surprisingly, HIV-1 infection was not associated with a difference in serum AMA1-specific Ab levels. HIV-infected individuals had a higher proportion of total atypical and total activated memory B cells (MBCs). Using an AMA1 tetramer to detect AMA1-specific B cells, HIV-infected individuals were also shown to have a higher proportion of AMA1-specific atypical MBCs. However, this proportional increase resulted in large part from a loss in the number of naive and resting MBCs rather than an increase in the number of atypical and activated cells. The loss of resting MBCs and naive B cells was mirrored in a population of cells specific for an Ag to which these individuals were unlikely to have been chronically exposed. Together, the data show that changes in P. falciparum Ag\u2013specific B cell subsets in HIV-infected individuals mirror those in the overall B cell population, and suggest that the increased proportion of atypical MBC phenotypes found in HIV-1\u2013infected individuals results from the loss of naive and resting MBCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1600773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,20]],"date-time":"2017-05-20T00:20:22Z","timestamp":1495239622000},"page":"4629-4638","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Decrease in Numbers of Naive and Resting B Cells in HIV-Infected Kenyan Adults Leads to a Proportional Increase in Total and <i>Plasmodium falciparum<\/i>\u2013Specific Atypical Memory B Cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"198","author":[{"given":"Anne E","family":"Frosch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oludare A","family":"Odumade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9718-2901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin J","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School , Minneapolis, MN 55455"},{"name":"Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, WA 98109"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Ireland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5565-2415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Ayodo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenyan Medical Research Institute , Kisumu,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bartholomew","family":"Ondigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenyan Medical Research Institute , Kisumu,","place":["Kenya"]},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Egerton University , Njoro,","place":["Kenya"]},{"name":"Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute , Kisumu,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David L","family":"Narum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Rockville, MD 20852"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7710-0390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Vulule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenyan Medical Research Institute , Kisumu,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chandy C","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN 55455"},{"name":"Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, IN 46202"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030615173970900_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-11-013383","article-title":"Loss of memory B cells impairs maintenance of long-term serologic memory during HIV-1 infection","volume":"108","author":"Titanji","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2025030615173970900_r2","first-page":"479","article-title":"Impaired anti-pneumococcal antibody response in patients with AIDS-related persistent generalized lymphadenopathy","volume":"68","author":"Ballet","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin. 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