{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T05:22:16Z","timestamp":1741324936648,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,1]],"date-time":"2016-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Exogenous activation of invariant NKT (iNKT) cells by the superagonist \u03b1-galactosylceramide (\u03b1-GalCer) can protect against cancer, autoimmune diseases, and infections. In the current study, we investigated the effect of \u03b1-GalCer against Bacillus anthracis infection, the agent of anthrax. Using an experimental model of s.c. B. anthracis infection (an encapsulated nontoxigenic strain), we show that concomitant administration of \u03b1-GalCer delayed B. anthracis systemic dissemination and prolonged mouse survival. Depletion of subcapsular sinus CD169-positive macrophages by clodronate-containing liposome was associated with a lack of iNKT cell activation in the draining lymph nodes (dLNs) and prevented the protective effect of \u03b1-GalCer on bacterial dissemination out of the dLNs. Production of IFN-\u03b3 triggered chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 synthesis and recruitment of neutrophils in the dLNs, leading to the restraint of B. anthracis dissemination. Our data highlight a novel immunological pathway leading to the control of B. anthracis infection, a finding that might lead to improved therapeutics based on iNKT cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1600830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,8]],"date-time":"2016-09-08T02:08:21Z","timestamp":1473300501000},"page":"3225-3232","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Mechanisms of Invariant NKT Cell Activity in Restraining <i>Bacillus anthracis<\/i> Systemic Dissemination"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"197","author":[{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Le Gars","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathog\u00e9nie des Toxi-Infections Bact\u00e9riennes, D\u00e9partement de Microbiologie, Institut Pasteur , 75724 Paris,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Haustant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathog\u00e9nie des Toxi-Infections Bact\u00e9riennes, D\u00e9partement de Microbiologie, Institut Pasteur , 75724 Paris,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Klezovich-B\u00e9nard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathog\u00e9nie des Toxi-Infections Bact\u00e9riennes, D\u00e9partement de Microbiologie, Institut Pasteur , 75724 Paris,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5374-5407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christophe","family":"Paget","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d\u2019Infection et d\u2019Immunit\u00e9 de Lille, INSERM U1019, CNRS UMR 8204, Universitaire de Lille, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire de Lille\u2013Institut Pasteur de Lille , 59000 Lille,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3373-1814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Trottein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d\u2019Infection et d\u2019Immunit\u00e9 de Lille, INSERM U1019, CNRS UMR 8204, Universitaire de Lille, Centre Hospitalier R\u00e9gional Universitaire de Lille\u2013Institut Pasteur de Lille , 59000 Lille,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre L","family":"Goossens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathog\u00e9nie des Toxi-Infections Bact\u00e9riennes, D\u00e9partement de Microbiologie, Institut Pasteur , 75724 Paris,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Nicolas","family":"Tournier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathog\u00e9nie des Toxi-Infections Bact\u00e9riennes, D\u00e9partement de Microbiologie, Institut Pasteur , 75724 Paris,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Unit\u00e9 Interactions H\u00f4te-Agents Pathog\u00e8nes, Institut de Recherche Biom\u00e9dicale des Arm\u00e9es , 91223 Br\u00e9tigny-sur-Orge,","place":["France"]},{"name":"Ecole du Val-de-Gr\u00e2ce , 75005 Paris,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030617560315400_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141711","article-title":"The biology of NKT cells","volume":"25","author":"Bendelac","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. 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