{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:22:26Z","timestamp":1790356946671,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>IL-7 therapy has been evaluated in patients who do not regain normal CD4 T cell counts after virologically successful antiretroviral therapy. IL-7 increases total circulating CD4 and CD8 T cell counts; however, its effect on HIV-specific CD8 T cells has not been fully examined. TRAF1, a prosurvival signaling adaptor required for 4-1BB\u2013mediated costimulation, is lost from chronically stimulated virus-specific CD8 T cells with progression of HIV infection in humans and during chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis infection in mice. Previous results showed that IL-7 can restore TRAF1 expression in virus-specific CD8 T cells in mice, rendering them sensitive to anti\u20134-1BB agonist therapy. In this article, we show that IL-7 therapy in humans increases the number of circulating HIV-specific CD8 T cells. For a subset of patients, we also observed an increased frequency of TRAF1+ HIV-specific CD8 T cells 10 wk after completion of IL-7 treatment. IL-7 treatment increased levels of phospho-ribosomal protein S6 in HIV-specific CD8 T cells, suggesting increased activation of the metabolic checkpoint kinase mTORC1. Thus, IL-7 therapy in antiretroviral therapy\u2013treated patients induces sustained changes in the number and phenotype of HIV-specific T cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,8]],"date-time":"2017-12-08T17:50:20Z","timestamp":1512755420000},"page":"558-564","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Effect of IL-7 Therapy on Phospho-Ribosomal Protein S6 and TRAF1 Expression in HIV-Specific CD8 T Cells in Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"200","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3084-6093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria I","family":"Edilova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa E","family":"Wagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6206-5622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shariq","family":"Mujib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meromit","family":"Singer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Broad Institute , Cambridge, MA 02142"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole F","family":"Bernard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chronic Viral Illness Service, Division of Clinical Immunology, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre , Montreal, Quebec H3G 1A4,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0246-7619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Th\u00e9r\u00e8se","family":"Croughs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA , 75013 Paris,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael M","family":"Lederman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine , Cleveland, OH 44106"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0076-0224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irini","family":"Sereti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9241-5390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaret A","family":"Fischl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Miami Center for AIDS Research, University of Miami School of Medicine , Miami, FL 33136"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8133-8374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Kremmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helmholtz Zentrum M\u00fcnchen, German Research Centre for Environmental Health , 81377 Munich,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7369-1936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Ostrowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael\u2019s Hospital , Toronto, Ontario M5B1W8,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9897-7589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Pierre","family":"Routy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Immunodeficiency Service, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7897-4890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tania H","family":"Watts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 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