{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T05:19:47Z","timestamp":1741324787158,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]],"date-time":"2017-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Adult T cell leukemia\/lymphoma (ATL), a CD4+ T cell malignancy with a poor prognosis, is caused by human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. High proviral load (PVL) is a risk factor for the progression to ATL. We previously reported that some asymptomatic carriers had severely reduced functions of CTLs against HTLV-1 Tax, the major target Ag. Furthermore, the CTL responses tended to be inversely correlated with PVL, suggesting that weak HTLV-1\u2013specific CTL responses may be involved in the elevation of PVL. Our previous animal studies indicated that oral HTLV-1 infection, the major route of infection, caused persistent infection with higher PVL in rats compared with other routes. In this study, we found that Tax-specific CD8+ T cells were present, but not functional, in orally infected rats as observed in some human asymptomatic carriers. Even in the infected rats with immune unresponsiveness against Tax, Tax-specific CTL epitope\u2013pulsed dendritic cell (DC) therapy reduced the PVL and induced Tax-specific CD8+ T cells capable of proliferating and producing IFN-\u03b3. Furthermore, we found that monocyte-derived DCs from most infected individuals still had the capacity to stimulate CMV-specific autologous CTLs in vitro, indicating that DC therapy may be applicable to most infected individuals. These data suggest that peptide-pulsed DC immunotherapy will be useful to induce functional HTLV-1\u2013specific CTLs and decrease PVL in infected individuals with high PVL and impaired HTLV-1\u2013specific CTL responses, thereby reducing the risk of the development of ATL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601557","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,24]],"date-time":"2016-12-24T02:11:15Z","timestamp":1482545475000},"page":"1210-1219","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["HTLV-1 Tax-Specific CTL Epitope\u2013Pulsed Dendritic Cell Therapy Reduces Proviral Load in Infected Rats with Immune Tolerance against Tax"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"198","author":[{"given":"Satomi","family":"Ando","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunotherapeutics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo 113-8519,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atsuhiko","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunotherapeutics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo 113-8519,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuji","family":"Murakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunotherapeutics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo 113-8519,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunotherapeutics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo 113-8519,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natsuko","family":"Takatsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunotherapeutics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo 113-8519,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Maeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Osaka Minami Medical Center , Osaka 586-8521,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takao","family":"Masuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunotherapeutics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo 113-8519,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Youko","family":"Suehiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Therapy, National Kyushu Cancer Center , Fukuoka 811-1395,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Kannagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunotherapeutics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo 113-8519,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025030615014392100_r1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V50.3.481.481","article-title":"Adult T-cell leukemia: clinical and hematologic features of 16 cases","volume":"50","author":"Uchiyama","year":"1977","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2025030615014392100_r2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6476","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.10.6476","article-title":"Adult T-cell leukemia: antigen in an ATL cell line and detection of antibodies to the antigen in human sera","volume":"78","author":"Hinuma","year":"1981","journal-title":"Proc. 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