{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:56:32Z","timestamp":1790913392793,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,5,1]],"date-time":"2000-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":957139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Human T lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM\/TSP) is an inflammatory neurologic disease associated with HTLV-I infection, in which chronically activated, HTLV-I-specific CD8+ CTL have been suggested to be immunopathogenic. In HLA-A2 HAM\/TSP patients, CD8+ HTLV-I-specific CTLs recognize an immunodominant peptide of the HTLV-I Tax protein, Tax11\u201319. We examined the functional outcome on activation of both cloned peripheral blood and cerebrospinal spinal fluid-derived CTL and bulk PBMC from HAM\/TSP patients by altered peptide ligands (APL) derived from HTLV-I Tax11\u201319. In CTL clones generated from PBMC and CSF of HLA-A2 HAM\/TSP patients, an APL substituted at position 5 significantly decreased CTL responses when compared with the native peptide. Moreover, these ligands were also shown to inhibit CTL responses to the native peptide in bulk PBMC of HLA-A2 HAM\/TSP patients. These data suggest that a modification of an antigenic peptide at the central position can manipulate the T cell responses in bulk PBMC from different individuals with an inflammatory disease. Additionally, these results have implications for the potential use of APL-based immunotherapy in this T cell-mediated CNS disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.10.5192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]],"date-time":"2014-04-22T02:30:08Z","timestamp":1398133808000},"page":"5192-5198","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["An Altered Peptide Ligand Antagonizes Antigen-Specific T Cells of Patients with Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type I-Associated Neurological Disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"164","author":[{"given":"Ryuji","family":"Kubota","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha S","family":"Soldan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Jacobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025032908533742300_R1","first-page":"1308","volume-title":"Science","year":"1991"},{"key":"2025032908533742300_R2","first-page":"625","volume-title":"Cell","year":"1992"},{"key":"2025032908533742300_R3","first-page":"655","volume-title":"Immunity","year":"1995"},{"key":"2025032908533742300_R4","first-page":"495","volume-title":"Nature","year":"1996"},{"key":"2025032908533742300_R5","first-page":"3746","volume-title":"J. 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