{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T12:28:04Z","timestamp":1790512084642,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,1]],"date-time":"2000-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":959817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The VH4 genes expressed by both resting and in vivo-activated subepithelial (SE) B cells from human tonsils were studied. Resting SE B cells were subdivided according to the presence (IgDlow) or absence (IgM-only) of surface IgD. CD27 was abundant on activated SE B cells and low on resting IgM-only B cells. Resting IgDlow SE B cells could be subdivided into CD27low and CD27high cell fractions. Resting IgDlow SE B cells displayed VH4 genes with a substantial number of mutations (13\/29 of the molecular clones were mutated), whereas 25\/26 of the clones from resting IgM-only SE B cells were unmutated. Moreover, mutated VH4 genes were detected mainly within the CD27high cell fraction of the IgDlow SE B cells. Several identical unmutated VH4DJH sequences (11\/32) were found in different molecular clones from resting IgM-only SE B cells, suggesting local cellular expansion. Both unmutated (14\/25) and mutated (11\/25) sequences were found in \u03bc transcripts of activated SE B cells. Extensive mutation was observed in the \u03b3 transcripts of activated SE B cells. Therefore, SE B cells are heterogeneous, being comprised of B cells with mutated Ig VH4 genes, that are Ag-experienced B cells, and a subset of B cells with unmutated VH4 genes that are either virgin cells or cells driven by Ags that did not induce or select for V gene mutations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.11.5596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,20]],"date-time":"2014-04-20T20:57:35Z","timestamp":1398027455000},"page":"5596-5604","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Heterogeneity of Tonsillar Subepithelial B Lymphocytes, the Splenic Marginal Zone Equivalents"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"164","author":[{"given":"Mariella","family":"Dono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Servizio di Immunologia Clinica, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, IST , Genova ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Dipartimento di Oncologia, Biologia e Genetica, Universita\u0300 degli Studi di Genova , Genova ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Zupo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servizio di Immunologia Clinica, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, IST , Genova ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolo\u0300","family":"Leanza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servizio di Immunologia Clinica, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, IST , Genova ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Dipartimento di Oncologia, Biologia e Genetica, Universita\u0300 degli Studi di Genova , Genova ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Melioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servizio di Citometria Centro Biotechnologie Avanzate, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, IST , Genova ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Fogli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servizio di Immunologia Clinica, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, IST , Genova ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Melagrana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Divisione ORL, Istituto Giannina Gaslini , Genova ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Chiorazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, North Shore University Hospital and New York University School of Medicine , Manhasset, NY, 11030"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manlio","family":"Ferrarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servizio di Immunologia Clinica, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, IST , Genova ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Dipartimento di Oncologia, Biologia e Genetica, Universita\u0300 degli Studi di Genova , Genova ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020213193797800_R1","first-page":"443","volume-title":"Am. 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