{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:06:38Z","timestamp":1791295598370,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,2,1]],"date-time":"2000-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":949363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>NK cells have been phenotypically defined by the expression of specific markers such as NK1.1, DX5, and asialo-GM1 (ASGM1). In addition to NK cells, a small population of CD3+ T cells has been shown to express these markers, and a unique subpopulation of NK1.1+CD3+ T cells that expresses an invariant TCR has been named \u201cNKT cells.\u201d Here, we describe NK marker expression on a broad spectrum of MHC class I- and MHC class II-restricted T cells that are induced after acute viral infection. From 5 to &amp;gt;500 days post lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection, more than 90% of virus-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells coexpress one or more of these three prototypical NK markers. Furthermore, in vivo depletion of NK cells with anti-ASGM1 Ab resulted in the removal of 90% of virus-specific CD8+ T cells and 50\u201380% of virus-specific CD4+ T cells. This indicates that studies using in vivo depletion to determine the role of NK cells in immune defense could potentially be misinterpreted because of the unintended depletion of Ag-specific T cells. These results demonstrate that NK Ags are widely expressed on the majority of virus-specific T cells and indicate that the NK and T cell lineages may not be as distinct as previously believed. Moreover, the current nomenclature defining NKT cells will require comprehensive modification to include Ag-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells that express prototypical NK Ags.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.4.2009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]],"date-time":"2014-04-22T14:44:52Z","timestamp":1398177892000},"page":"2009-2015","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":180,"title":["NK Markers Are Expressed on a High Percentage of Virus-Specific CD8+ and CD4+ T Cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"164","author":[{"given":"Mark K","family":"Slifka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropharmacology, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robb R","family":"Pagarigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropharmacology, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J Lindsay","family":"Whitton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropharmacology, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, CA 92037"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020213154337200_R1","first-page":"646","volume-title":"Nature","year":"1977"},{"key":"2026020213154337200_R2","first-page":"1551","volume-title":"J. 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