{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T07:08:06Z","timestamp":1771571286168,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,2,1]],"date-time":"2000-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":949363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Volunteers were orally administered invasive, non-Shiga toxin-producing Shigella dysenteriae 1 to establish a challenge model to assess vaccine efficacy. In stepwise fashion, four separate groups were given 3 \u00d7 102, 7 \u00d7 103, 5 \u00d7 104, or 7 \u00d7 105 CFU. Using PBMC, proliferative responses and cytokine production were measured to S. dysenteriae whole-cell preparations and to purified recombinant invasion plasmid Ags (Ipa) C and IpaD. Anti-LPS and anti-Ipa Abs and Ab-secreting cells were also evaluated. Preinoculation PBMC produced considerable quantities of IL-10 and IFN-\u03b3, probably secreted by monocytes and NK cells, respectively, of the innate immune system. Following inoculation, PBMC from 95 and 87% of volunteers exhibited an increased production of IFN-\u03b3 and IL-10, respectively, in response to Shigella Ags. These increases included responses to IpaC and IpaD among those volunteers receiving the lowest inoculum. No IL-4 or IL-5 responses were detected. Whereas there were no Ab or Ab-secreting cell responses in volunteers receiving the lowest inoculum, other dose groups had moderate to strong anti-LPS and anti-Ipa responses. These results suggest that in humans, type 1 responses play an important role in mucosal and systemic immunity to S. dysentariae 1.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.4.2221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,22]],"date-time":"2014-04-22T14:44:52Z","timestamp":1398177892000},"page":"2221-2232","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Production of IFN-\u03b3 and IL-10 to\n                    <i>Shigella<\/i>\n                    Invasins by Mononuclear Cells from Volunteers Orally Inoculated with a Shiga Toxin-Deleted\n                    <i>Shigella dysenteriae<\/i>\n                    Type 1 Strain"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"164","author":[{"given":"Taraz","family":"Samandari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Development, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD 21201"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen L","family":"Kotloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Development, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD 21201"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Genevieve A","family":"Losonsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Development, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD 21201"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William D","family":"Picking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, St. Louis University , St. Louis, MO 63103"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philippe J","family":"Sansonetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unite\u0301 de Pathoge\u0301nie Microbienne Mole\u0301culaire, Unite\u0301 389, Institut Nationale de la Sante\u0301 et de la Recherche Me\u0301dicale, Institut Pasteur , Paris ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myron M","family":"Levine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Development, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD 21201"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcelo B","family":"Sztein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Development, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD 21201"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020213145784700_R1","first-page":"651","volume-title":"Bull. 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